AIM:To provide evidence for Evidence-Based Medicine on clinical treatment of corneal ulcers by analyzing the clinical efficacy between amniotic membrane transplantation and conjunctival flap covering surgery,in addition,to explore the different surgical adaptabilities for each treatment of corneal ulcers.·METHODS:This retrospective review comprised 46 cases of hospitalized corneal ulcers patients (47eyes) who had amniotic membrane transplantation or conjunctival flap covering surgery from October 2004 to July 2009,including 13 cases 14 eyes with viral corneal ulcer,19 cases 19 eyes with fungal corneal ulcer,7 cases 7 eyes with bacterial corneal ulcer,3 cases 3 eyes with erosion and marginal corneal ulcer,2 cases 2 eyes with sterile inflammatory corneal ulcer,2 cases 2 eyes with corneal epithelial bullae and ulcers for corneal endothelial decompensation caused by optical surgery,9 cases 9 eyes with perforation.All the patients were treated with removal of the necrotic corneal tissue combined with amniotic membrane transplantation or conjunctival flap covering surgery and then were treated with drugs based on primary disease.·RESULTS:We found 17 cases 18 eyes treated with amniotic membrane transplantation,29 cases 29 eyes treated with conjunctival flap covering surgery in which 2 cases 2 eyes had corneal transplantation there after.13 cases 14 eyes treated with amniotic membrane transplantation were cured,the cure rate was 78% (14/18);23 cases 23 eyes treated with conjunctival flap covering surgery were cured,the cure rate was 79% (23/29);the clinical cure rates between them were of no significant difference(P>0.05).·CONCLUSION:Amniotic membrane transplantation and conjunctival flap covering surgery in the treatment of corneal ulcers can achieve better surgical treatment if appropriate surgical method is selected according to different types and different ulcer process.