·AIM:To investigate the efficacy of fresh amniotic membrane transplantation in the treatment of refractory ocular surface diseases.·METHODS:Four cases of alkali burns and 10 cases of corneal ulcer in a total of 14 cases were selected.Single-layer amniotic membrane transplantion was performed,with postoperative follow-up of 6-12 months.·RESULTS:Fourteen cases had no sign of postoperative acute graft rejection clinically;At the same time,a rapid stabilization of ocular surface occurred.Alkali burn in 4 cases had non-progressive dissolution and perforation of cornea.In then 10 cases of corneal ulcers,8 cases had ulcer healing,visual acuity increased to varying degree.·CONCLUSION:Fresh amniotic membrane transplanta-tion for ocular surface reconstruction is an effective way,it can reduce corneal inflammation,prevent corneal progressive dissolution,accelerate ocular surface stability,reduce the formation of comeal neovascularization,gain precious time for the second period of corneal trans-plantation and create a sound foundation.·