AIM:To investigate the relevant factors and clinical efficacy of vitreous surgery on ocular trauma. METHODS:A retrospective review was carried out in 70 cases (72 eyes) of ocular trauma received vitrectomy. RESULTS:The retina was reattached in 27 eyes (90%) postoperatively.Visual acuity after operation improved in 58 eyes(80%),not changed in 12 eyes(17%)and decreased in 2 eyes(3%). CONCLUSION:Vitrectomy is an effective method for complicated ocular trauma.Injured degree of eyeball and retina,the procedure of operation are the important factors of the visual outcome.