AIM:To identify the causes of puncta lacrimalis inflammation, and to research its clinical development and prognosis as an independent disease. METHODS: The lacrimal puncta and ocular surface of patients with puncta lacrimalis were observed by slit-lamp, and lacrimal duct was washed and then examed. The changes of puncta in those study eyes were recorded by microphoto detector. Twenty-four eyes underwent tissue resection of lacrimal puncta and pathological examination. RESULTS: The rate of lacrimal punctum obstruction which needed surgical treatment was 11.95% in the patients with puncta lacrimalis. The clinical features of puncta lacrimalis were as following: the majority happened separately, minority combined with the inflammatory lacrimal duct obstruction. The diseases have acute and chronic divisions: Acute puncta lacrimalis is less common with the symptoms of warm tears overflow, local lacrimal puncta swelling, the fitting point wall. Chronic puncta lacrimalis is common with the symptoms of cold tears overflow, lacrimal puncta wall swelling or with proliferative membrane at the mouth of the lacrimal puncta, and then gradually the lacrimal puncta becoming close and flat surrounded by the conjunctive. The surgery of opening the lacrimal puncta was helpful in that case. CONCLUSION:Puncta lacrimalis is a common disease in the lacrimal disease, and needs to be treated as an independent disease, which is very important to make the diagnosis and treatment.