AIM:To evaluate clinical efficacy of wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK) compared to standard LASIK for moderate and high myopia correction in the aspects of higher-order aberrations.METHODS:One hundred and twenty eyes of 60 subjects were studied from December 2008 to May 2009 at Ophthalmic Refractive Surgery Center (department of Ophthalmology in Changhai Hospital).The subjects were divided into 2 groups:wavefront-guided LASIK group and standard LASIK group,60 eyes of 30 subjects were enrolled in each group respectively.Ocular higher-order aberrations were evaluated by WaveScan WaveFrontTM System (AMO Co.,USA) before and 6 months after operation.The change of the ocular higher-order aberrations was calculated.RESULTS:After operation,all subjects had uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better 6 months postoperatively,and they had no complications.It had shown an increase in ocular higher-order aberrations both in two groups,especially in comalike aberration and spherical-like aberration.The increase of total higher-order aberration,vertical comalike aberration,horizontal comalike aberration and spherical-like aberration were increased by 73.2%,64.1%,128.9% and 139.5% (P<0.05) in wavefront-guided LASIK group,while they were increased by 98.3%,149.1%,193.2% and 107.8% (P<0.05) in standard LASIK group.The change of HOAROM,Z6,Z7 and Z8 in wavefront-guided LASIK group was superior to that in standard LASIK group.CONCLUSION:Wavefront-guided LASIK has better control of the increase in higher-order aberrations than standard LASIK group,and it can help patients get better visual quality than standard LASIK.