AIM:To describe and compare the axial length’s distribution of the Han and Yi populations.METHODS:The difference between the Han and Yi populations was compared by collecting the axial length and the lens diopter of 295 patients.RESULTS:The axial length of Han and Yi populations was 20.6-34.6(median 23.0)mm,20.5-31.0(median 23.3)mm respectively.CONCLUSION:The differences of axial length between the Han and Yi populations have statistical significance,and the two nations also have differences between transplanted lens diopter and the theoretical diopter.