AIM:To observe clinical effect of pterygium excision combined with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation under microscope. ·METHODS:Totally 102 patients 104 eyes with primary pterygium underwent pterygium excision combined with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation by microscope and the postoperative recurrence rate was observed. ·RESULTS:All patients were followed up from 3 to 12 months. 6 cases recurred after surgery,and the recurrence rate was 5.8%. ·CONCLUSION:Pterygium excision combined with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation under microscope can reduce the recurrence rate of primary pterygium,and is a surgical method worth extending in primary hospital.