·AIM:To analyze the characteristics,risk factors and prognosis of the chronic ocular ischemic syndrome,and to provide the basis on early diagnosis and prevention therapy of this disease.·METHODS:Detailted clinical data of 12 patients with chronic ocular ischemic syndrome were analysed retrospectively,including gender,age,medical history,routine eye examination,color Doppler ultrasound and head MRI.The results of treatment and examination of visual function were analyzed.·RESULTS:Totally 12 patients(mean age 69 years,male/female ratio of 2∶1)systemic complications,including hypertension,cardiovascular disease,high cholesterol,high blood sugar,tobacco and alcohol addiction were analyzed.The time of Vision decreased(from no light perception to 0.12)was from a month to three years,of which 6 cases decreased vision with black pot history in the first half year.Iris neovascularization in 5 cases,high intraocular pressure in 4 cases,fundus characteristic:some small arteries without blood,veins expansion with different degrees and without tortuous,retinal hemorrhage and small pieces cotton wool spots,depending on peripapillary neovascularization and altypical macular cherry red.Color Doppler examination showed the formation of carotid artery plaque,stenosis;ophthalmic artery,central retinal artery present slow blood flow,no blood or speeded up blood flow ;FFA of 8 cases presented arterial forward phenomenon,time extension in arm retinal circulation and long retinal circulation time.The head MRI examination in 9 cases,of which the lacunar infarcts,change of white matter ischemic and old cerebral malacia were found in 7 cases.12 patients underwent dilation of blood vessels and the microcirculation therapy treatment withnot obvious efficacy.·CONCLUSION:Early diagnosis of ocular ischemic syndrome should rely on the FFA and Doppler ultrasound;and advanced cases should be combined with the original treatment of heart,neurology,as the treatment of pure vasodilators and lived blood circulation have poor effect.·