AIM:To observe the clinical efficacy of modern closed vitrectomy combined with C3F8 mixed gas or silicone oil injection for retinal detachment with macular hole from the January 2007 to October 2009. ·METHODS:Patients with retinal detachment with macular hole underwent modern closed vitrectomy combined with silicone oil injection.The visual acuity,intraocular pressure and closure situation of macular hole were observed postoperatively. ·RESULTS:The closure situation of macular hole:all cases of macular hole were closed with the fine retinal reattachment; After following-up for 4 months,none of cases required reoperation. After follow-up of 4 to 12 months,patient with progression of cataract was not found. Visual acuity and intraocular pressure:postoperatively the improvement of visual acuity (above 2 lines) were in 6 eyes (32%),unchanged in 13 eyes (68%),descent (above 2 lines) in 0 eye. At 1 month after operation,only 1 case (5%) presented the rising of intraocular pressure,while topical intraocular pressure reduced to normal after treatment. ·CONCLUSION:The modern closed vitrectomy combined with C3F8 mixed gas or silicone oil injection has a good therapeutic effect for retinal detachment with macular hole.