AIM:To explore the therapeutic effect of modern vitrectomy combined with heavy silicone oil tamponade on severe ocular injury.METHODS:The clinical data of 21 patients suffering from severe ocular injury admitted to our hospital from 2009 to 2010 were performed the modern vitrectomy combined with heavy silicone oil tamponade.Of 21 cases,7 cases were sutured combined with vitrectomy in the first stage.14 cases were sutured in the first stage and performed by vitrectomy in the second stage.All the 21 patients were followed up for a mean of 7.5(3-12)months and the therapeutic effect was observed.RESULTS:The eyeballs of 17 patients were reserved after operation.The eyeballs of 4 patients were atrophic.The visual acuity of 10 patients was improved in different degree compared with that before operation.CONCLUSION:Application of the modern vitrectomy combined with heavy silicone oil tamponade in treatment of the severe ocular injury can not only reserve the intact eyeball but also partially improve the visual acuity.