AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safty of latanoprost and timolol maleate eye drops reducing IOP.METHODS:Fifty-two eyes of 30 primary glaucoma patients were dosed with latanoprost and timolol maleate eye drops as a single therapy once daily.The observed signs included IOP,field of vision,mRNFL and complications.The follow-up duration was 16 weeks.RESULTS:Latanoprost and timolol maleate eye drops reduced IOP significantly(P=0.000),but didn’t have effects to field of vision and mRNFL.After 16 weeks,95% confidence interval of IOP reductions ranged from 10.31 to 13.92mmHg.The most complications was conjunctival congestion.CONCLUSION:Latanoprost and timolol maleate eye drops reduced IOP significantly in primary glaucoma patients and was safe and well tolerated.But the field of vision and mRNFL are not ameliorated within short-term follow-up.