·AIM:To investigate the etiology of neovascular glaucoma(NVG)and provide help for clinical prevention and treatment.METHODS:A total of 120 cases 127 eyes diagnosed with NVG were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS:The cause of NVG was as follows:central retinal vein occlusion was in 47 cases(39.2%),diabetic retinopathy in 31 cases,including 6 cases were binocular,central retinal arteriovenous occlusion in 3 cases,central retinal artery occlusion in 3 cases,carotid artery stenosis in 4 cases,periphlebitis of retina in 4 cases,1 case was binocular;3 cases were ocular injury,Coats’ disease in 2 cases,chronic uveitis in 2 cases,retinal detachment in 2 cases,acute retinal necrosis in 1 case,choroidal metastasis of lung cancer in 1 case and 17 cases were uncertain.CONCLUSION:As a kind of refractory glaucoma,NVG has complex etiology,the main cause is retinal ischemia.Central retinal vein occlusion and diabetic retinopathy are the major etiology of NVG.In addition it is necessary to examine the carotid artery stenosis.