AIM: Through p27kip1-gene mediated by the emerging polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer(PLGA) nanoparticles transfecting retinal pigment epithelium(RPE),to observe the inhibition effect of RPE proliferation of the retinal detachment(RD) rabbit eye·METHODS: Preparation of p27kip1 gene nanoparticle was made and determination of gene content was measured.Animal grouping and preparation of RD animal model were made.Experimental data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent samples t-test method,there were significant differences(P<0.05)·RESULTS: At 7,14,28 days,PCNA protein expression of p27kip1 gene therapy group was significantly lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).This indicated that PCNA protein expression were significantly inhibited by p27kip1 gene nanoparticles.At the same time,in the gene transfection group,p27kip1 protein expression was significantly increased compared with the control group at 3,7,14 days,the difference was significant(P<0.05)·CONCLUSION: p27kip1 gene may be used as a target gene,and through the emerging gene nanoparticles may be used for the gene therapy about inhibition of RPE cell proliferation.