AIM:To discuss the approach of prevention for the rejection after keratoplasty·METHODS:A retrospective analysis of the rate of rejection in 73 patients(73 eyes) was made after penetrating keratoplasty·RESULTS:The immunological rejection happened in 28 eyes(38%),consisting of 21 eyes with high risk keratopathy and 7eyes with non high risk keratopathy,corneal neovascularization took up 88%.The immunological rejection happened in 2 weeks to 3 years after keratoplasty.The corneal endothelium rejection occupied 43%.The immunological rejection were restrained after medication obviously,the effective percentage was 61%·CONCLUSION:The rate of rejection is markedly increased in eyes with high risk keratopathy,which persists long time.We should take measures before,during and after keratoplasty based on different keratopathy.