AIM:To study the advantages and complications of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide(TA) assisted pars plana virectomy(PPV) for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR). METHODS: The study included 36 case (48 eyes) who underwent PPV for the treatment of PDR with vitreous hemorrhage.They received an intravitreal injection of 01mL triamcinolone acetonide 5 to 7 days before operation.During the surgery, 0.3 to 0.5mL of TA was injected into the vitreous cavity to visualize the posterior hyaloid. RESULTS:Inflammatory reaction degree: 4 eyes(8%) had little exudation membrane in pupil postoperatively and absorbed at postoperative 5-7 days; 15 eyes (31%) had aqueous flare which disappleared at about postoperative 3-5 days. Intraocular inflammation was light and no retinal toxicity was found in any eye. The postoperative visual acuity was improved in 39 eyes.The difference of the mean intraocular pressure was not statistically significant after intravitreal TA. During one week after operation, the difference was statistically significant between the mean preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressure.But the difference was not statistically significant after 3 months. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal TA assisted PPV for the treatment of PDR was useful with no serious complications.