Capsular contraction syndrome(CCS) after cataract surgery is a rare complication with the equator of the capsular bag diameter is narrow which often results in glare, diplopia, ametropia, visual disturbance and affects the postoperative effects. With the popularity of extracapsular cataract extraction surgery, more patients take phacoemulsification in cataract surgery. Nowadays CCS absorbs more people''s attention. Preventing the syndrome''s occurrence and Nd:YAG laser treatment can improve the visual effects of the patients. This article reviewed the clinical features, etiology, prevention and treatment status of CCS.