[关键词]
[摘要]
目的：探索婴幼儿屈光状态发育规律，以确立弱视高危人群及早期干预时机。
方法：利用Suresight手持式自动验光仪在儿童保健门诊收集6月龄～3岁婴幼儿共2 447例4 894眼的屈光值，分成7个年龄段分析其屈光分布特点和发育规律。
结果：婴幼儿4 894眼的眼屈光主要分布在远视和散光状态； 获得各年龄组的球镜、柱镜的均数和标准差，P25～P75和P5～P95参考值范围； 6月龄～3岁，7个年龄段的球镜、柱镜屈光值有不断下降趋势，但在1.5岁后变化无统计学意义。
结论：以球镜偏离出P25～P75、柱镜高出P75范围为弱视可疑人群，以球镜偏离出P5～P95、柱镜高出P95范围为弱视高危人群，对异常人群密切随访； 高度屈光不正的最早干预年龄可以从1.5岁开始。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
AIM: To analyze the refractive development in infants, to screen for the high risk group for infant refractive error and to explore the best timing for early intervention of the condition.
METHODS:Noncycloplegic refraction data in 7 stages of age(6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months)were collected with Suresight autorefractor from 2 447 healthy infants(4 894 eyes). The development and distribution of refraction were analyzed.
RESULTS:Most of the 4 894 eyes were found to be hyperopic and astigmatic. The mean and standard deviation of sphere, cylinder, and spherical equivalent for seven age groups from 1.5 years as well as reference ranges(P25～P75 and P5～P95)were obtained. Hypermetropic and astigmatic refractive error reduced rapidly with age until the age of 1.5 years old, after which they did not change significantly.
CONCLUSION: In infants, spherical lens deviating from P25～P75(D)and cylindrical lens exceeding P75(D)amblyopia are the suspected signs of amblyopia, and spherical lens deviating from P5～P95(D)and cylindrical lens exceeding P95(D)indicate high risk of amblyopia. Intervention of refractive error may start at the age of 1.5 years.
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