AIM:To analyze the clinical significance of axial length, diopter and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in hyperopia children with anisometropia amblyopia.

METHODS: From January 2015 to January 2017 in our hospital for treatment, 103 cases, all unilateral, were diagnosed as hyperopia anisometropia amblyopia. The eyes with amblyopia were as experimental group(103 eyes), another normal eye as control group(103 eyes). We took the detection with axial length, refraction, foveal thickness, corrected visual acuity, diopter and the average thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer.

RESULTS: Differences in axial length and diopter and corrected visual acuity were statistically significant between the two groups(P<0.05). The two groups had no significant difference in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(P>0.05). There was statistical significance difference on the foveal thickness(P<0.05). There was a negative correction correlation between the visual acuity, axial length with foveal and peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness, but no significant difference in correlation(P>0.05). The positive correlation between diopter with nerve fiber layer thickness of foveal and around the optic disc were no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Retinal thickness of the fovea in the eye with hyperopic anisometropia amblyopia were thicker than those in normal eyes; the nerve fiber layer of around the optic disc was not significantly different between the amblyopic eyes and contralateral eyes. The refraction and axial length had no significant correlation with optic nerve fiber layer and macular foveal thickness.