目的：分析眼轴长度与屈光度数及视网膜神经纤维层厚度在儿童远视屈光参差弱视患儿中的临床意义。

方法：选取2015-01/2017-01在本院接受治疗被诊断为远视性屈光参差性弱视患儿103例，均为单眼发病，发病眼设为试验组(103眼)，另一正常眼为对照组(103眼)； 检测患儿眼轴长度、屈光度数、黄斑中心凹厚度、矫正视力、屈光度和视盘周围神经纤维层的平均厚度。

结果：两组对象在眼轴、屈光度和矫正视力方面的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)； 两组对象在视盘周围神经纤维层厚度对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，黄斑中心凹厚度对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)； 患儿矫正视力、眼轴与黄斑中心凹、视盘周围神经纤维层厚度无明显相关性(P>0.05)，屈光度与黄斑中心凹、视盘周围的神经纤维层的厚度无明显相关性(P>0.05)。

结论：远视屈光参差弱视患儿的视网膜黄斑中心凹的厚度比正常眼要厚，弱视眼视盘周围的神经纤维层厚度和对侧眼无显著差异，屈光度和眼轴与视盘的周围神经纤维层和黄斑的中心凹厚度没有显著的关联。

METHODS: From January 2015 to January 2017 in our hospital for treatment, 103 cases, all unilateral, were diagnosed as hyperopia anisometropia amblyopia. The eyes with amblyopia were as experimental group(103 eyes), another normal eye as control group(103 eyes). We took the detection with axial length, refraction, foveal thickness, corrected visual acuity, diopter and the average thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer.

RESULTS: Differences in axial length and diopter and corrected visual acuity were statistically significant between the two groups(P<0.05). The two groups had no significant difference in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(P>0.05). There was statistical significance difference on the foveal thickness(P<0.05). There was a negative correction correlation between the visual acuity, axial length with foveal and peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness, but no significant difference in correlation(P>0.05). The positive correlation between diopter with nerve fiber layer thickness of foveal and around the optic disc were no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Retinal thickness of the fovea in the eye with hyperopic anisometropia amblyopia were thicker than those in normal eyes; the nerve fiber layer of around the optic disc was not significantly different between the amblyopic eyes and contralateral eyes. The refraction and axial length had no significant correlation with optic nerve fiber layer and macular foveal thickness.