AIM: To compare intervention effects on myopic children between three groups including orthokeratology combined with visual training(OCVT), orthokeratology(ortho-k), and single vision spectacle lense(SVL).

METHODS: A prospective, non-randomized, case-control study was performed from September to October 2016. One hundred and twenty myopic children were enrolled from the Shaanxi Eye Research Institute and divided into three groups, which consists of 37 in OCVT group, 43 in ortho-k group and 40 in SVL group. The changes of uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), axial length(AL)and spherical equivalent refractive error(SER)before and after 1a intervention were compared between the three groups.

RESULTS: A total of 103 children completed the study, 31 in OCVT group, 37 in ortho-k group, 35 in SVL group. The changes before and after intervention of UCVA, AL, SER were significant differences between the three groups separately(P<0.01). Furthermore, the improvement effect of each parameter in the SVL group was worse than that in the OCVT group and the ortho-k group(P<0.05). Although the improvement effect in the OCVT group was slightly better than the ortho-k group, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). After 1a intervention, UCVA was greatly improved(P<0.05), SER was reduced(P<0.05), but AL was not significantly changed(P>0.05)in the OCVT group. In ortho-k group, UCVA was improved, SER was reduced, and AL increased significantly(all P<0.05). UCVA decreased, as well as AL and SER increased significantly in the SVL group(all P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: Orthokeratology combined with visual training has a good control effect on myopic children, but the timing, method, time length and frequency of visual training still need further study.