[关键词]
[摘要]
本文通过对圆锥角膜治疗方法的综述，为临床医生选择合适的治疗方法做出参考。通过数据库对“圆锥角膜”“隐形眼镜”“角膜胶原交联”“Intacs(角膜环)”“角膜成形术”“基因治疗”“不规则散光”等关键词进行搜索，并根据相关文献对圆锥角膜的治疗方法进行综述。眼镜和隐形眼镜可用于圆锥角膜早期，而疾病晚期时可采用前弹力层移植术、穿透性角膜成形术(PK)和深层前板层角膜成形术(DALK)、传导性角膜成形术和基因治疗。此外，角膜胶原交联可以阻止圆锥角膜进展，角膜基质环植入术(ICRS)通过使变形角膜变平，减少屈光不正以达到治疗目的。总得来说，眼科诊断技术和治疗方法的发展可以减缓圆锥角膜进展，从而减少晚期角膜圆锥患者对角膜移植的需要。选择恰当的圆锥角膜治疗方案可以帮助患者改善视力和预防失明。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
A variety of therapeutic methods can be used to treat keratoconus. This article provides practical information for clinicians to make the most appropriate choices by reviewing the treatment of keratoconus. Search for keywords such as “keratoconus” “contact lenses” “corneal collagen cross-linking” “Intacs(corneal ring)” “keratoplasty” “gene therapy” “irregular astigmatism” through a database. According to the related literature, the treatment methods of keratoconus are reviewed. Glasses and contact lenses can be used for early keratoconus, while bowman layer transplantation, penetrating keratoplasty(PK), deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty(DALK), conductive keratoplasty and gene therapy can be used in advanced disease. In addition, cross-linking can prevent keratoconus progression, and intrastromal corneal ring segments(ICRS)reduce refractive error for therapeutic purposes by flattening the deformed cornea. In general, the development of ophthalmic diagnostic techniques and treatments can slow the progression of keratoconus, thereby reducing the need for corneal transplantation in patients with advanced keratoconus. Choosing the right keratoconus treatment can help patients with vision recover and prevent blindness.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81660158,81160118,81400372); 江西省青年科学基金项目(No.20151BAB215016,20161ACB21017); 江西省重点研发项目(No.20151BBG70223); 江西省教育厅重点项目(No.GJJ160020); 江西省卫计委科技计划项目(No.20164017,20175116)
