AIM: To study the differences of binocular vessel density and retinal thickness in patients with anisometropia, including refractive index, axial length, vessel density in 3 mm×3 mm macular area and peripapillary area, nerve fiber thickness of 3mm×3mm macular area. And to study the relationship between axial length and vessel density, as well as retinal thickness, analyze its clinical significance in the occurrence and development of anisometropia.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 27 patients with anisometropia in our hospital. All the patients received the examinations including binocular diopter, intraocular pressure, axial length, vessel density in 3mm×3mm macular area and peripapillary area, retinal thickness in macular area. SPSS 23.0 and paired t-test was used to analyze and compare the differences.

RESULTS: In all 27 patients, the refractive index and axial length of the one with a higher degree were greater than that of the low eye(t=-3.559, 3.083, P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in superficial vessel density, deep vessel density, and retinal thickness in the macular area(1mm and 3mm)(P>0.05). In the all patients, the vessel density with a higher degree in the optic disc was higher(t=2.36, P=0.022).The vessel density of eyes with a higher degree in the superior nasal square(SN)was lower(t=-2.154, P=0.036). Refractive state, superficial and deep vessel density of foveal, deep parafoveal vessel density, retinal thinkness of foveal and parafoveal were correlated with the optic axis(r=-0.897, 0.458, 0.446, -0.328, 0.301, -0.397, P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the superficial and deep vessel density in 3mm×3mm macular area of the Patients with ametropia as well as retinal thickness. The binocular vessel density in the optic disc and the SN square were difference, and there was nodegree eye of refractive error difference in the residual papillary area. The axial length is related to the refractive state, the vessel density in the superficial and deep fovea of the macula, the vessel density in the deep parafovea of the macula, the retinal thickness in the fovea and the parafovea of the macula.