With the development and prevalence of artificial intelligence(AI), the application of AI has become a global trend in medical field recent years. The combination of AI and clinical medicine is becoming a hot spot in medical research. It is remarkable that the AI based on deep learning(DL)has achieved great accomplishments in image recognition, speech recognition and natural language processing, especially the application of convolutional neural network(CNN)in image recognition. CNN has been applied to the detection and diagnosis of various of ophthalmological diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. Meanwhile, there are many public databases on ocular including large amount of images of fundus photographs, optical coherence tomography and visual field for researchers to train and test the AI algorithms. However, training the algorithm based on AI technology is still costly and time-consuming. The medical ethic of AI is another challengefor its application. Although DL has bought revolutionary change in ophthalmology field, it still has a long way to go for its world wide application. The article aims to synthesize the researches on the applications of AI technology in ophthalmology, and give a review on the present situation, existing problems and future outlook.