Glaucoma is a global blindness-causing disease characterized by visual function damage. Primary open angle glaucoma, also known as chronic open angle glaucoma, is not easily detected in the early stages of its occurrence and development, delaying treatment. Early diagnosis of the disease is helpful to reduce the rate of blindness. In recent years, new progress has been made in the diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma, including optical coherence tomography, deep learning algorithms and biomarkers. This article will give an overview of these.