目的：应用频域光学相干断层成像(SD-OCT)评估孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD)硅油填充术后黄斑区微结构的改变。

方法：选取2019-11/2021-07就诊于沧州爱尔眼科医院行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术的RRD患者27例27眼纳入观察组，另选取健康志愿者30例30眼纳入对照组。观察患者手术前后最佳矫正视力(BCVA)，并使用SD-OCT量化评估术后黄斑区微结构的改变情况。

结果：观察组术后1wk，3mo BCVA(LogMAR)(0.61±0.23、0.69±0.34)较术前(1.43±0.77)均改善(均P<0.01)。观察组术后3mo黄斑区立方体体积、立方体平均厚度较术后1wk，1mo及对照组均降低(均P<0.05)。观察组术后1wk，1、3mo平均神经节细胞-内丛状层(GCIPL)厚度、GCIPL最小厚度、平均黄斑区视网膜神经纤维层(mRNFL)厚度、mRNFL最小厚度均无差异，但较对照组均降低(均P<0.01)。术后随访观察组发生视网膜下积液(SRF)9眼，SRF有逐渐吸收的趋势，但其中1眼继发黄斑裂孔； 椭圆体带中断3眼，有逐渐修复趋势； 黄斑区视网膜下重水残留2眼； 黄斑水肿2眼。

结论：SD-OCT可以很好地显示RRD硅油填充术后黄斑区微结构及形态改变，对RRD术前及术后随访评估具有重要的临床价值。

METHODS:From November 2019 to July 2021, 27 patients with 27 eyes in RRD who underwent vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade in Cangzhou Aier Eye Hospital were enrolled in this study as the observation group, other 30 healthy volunteers with 30 eyes were included in the control group. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)of patients before and after operation were observed, and quantified evaluation of the postoperative macular microstructural changes were performed by SD-OCT.

RESULTS: The BCVA(LogMAR)of the observation group at 1wk and 3mo after operation(0.61±0.23, 0.69±0.34)were improved compared with those before operation(1.43±0.77)(all P<0.01). The cube volume and average cube thickness in the macular area at 3mo after operation in the observation group were lower than those at 1wk and 1mo after operation in the control group(all P<0.05). There were no differences in the average ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer(GCIPL)thickness, minimum GCIPL thickness, average macular retinal nerve fiber layer(mRNFL)thickness and minimum mRNFL thickness at 1wk, 1 and 3mo after operation in the observation group, but all decreased compared with the control group(all P<0.01). There were 9 eyes with subretinal fluid(SRF)in the observation group during postoperative follow-up, SRF had a tendency to be gradually absorbed, but 1 eye had a secondary macular hole; 3 eyes had ellipsoid zone disruption, which had a tendency to be gradually repaired; 2 eyes had submacular perfluorocarbon liquid; 2 eyes had macular edema.

CONCLUSION: SD-OCT can show the microstructure and morphological changes very well in macular area in patients with RRD after silicone oil tamponade, and has important clinical value for the preoperative and postoperative follow-up evaluation of RRD.