Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is one of the many complications of diabetes and one of the major causes of blindness in middle-aged and elderly people in the world. Early detection and treatment can effectively reduce the blindness rate. In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence(AI)in ophthalmology has been expanding, and its research in DR screening and diagnosis has become a new hotspot. This paper aims to summarize the research progress of AI in the field of DR screening and diagnosis in recent years, raise questions, and set a course for the future. Additional information related to the further application and promotion of AI in this field is also provided.