[关键词]
[摘要]
神经血管耦合以神经血管单元(NVU)为基础，发挥神经细胞与微血管之间信号传导、代谢调节等功能并共同组成屏障结构维持微环境稳态。神经血管单元在视网膜中广泛分布，与视网膜正常生理功能的维持关系密切，而各种原因引起的视网膜神经血管稳态失衡会导致多种视网膜疾病，如糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)、青光眼、视网膜色素变性(RP)及年龄相关性黄斑变性(ARMD)等。脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)在视网膜也有广泛分布，通过与其受体TrkB结合发挥促神经生长和损伤修复等功能。近年来，研究发现BDNF在视网膜神经血管单元稳态失衡早期，即神经退行阶段可发挥损伤保护作用，同时减少神经来源的促血管生成物质，延缓疾病进程并为早期干预和治疗提供了新策略新思路。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Based on the neurovascular unit(NVU), neurovascular coupling functions as a barrier to maintain the homeostasis of the microenvironment by regulating the signaling and metabolic activity of nerve cells and capillaries. Widely dispersed across the retina, the NVU is essential to preserving its normal physiological function. A disturbance in retinal neurovascular homeostasis produced by a range of factors can result in a variety of retinal disorders, such as diabetic retinopathy(DR), glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa(RP)and age-related macular degeneration(ARMD). The retina also has a widespread distribution of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF), which functions to promote neuron growth and repair damage by binding to its receptor TrkB. In recent years, BDNF was found to play a protective role against damage in the early stage of retinal neurovascular homeostasis imbalance, often known as the neurodegenerative stage. It also helps to reduce the production of pro-angiogenic substances of neurological origin and offers a fresh approach for the early detection and treatment of associated eye disorders.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.82171080)
