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[摘要]
老视是一种与年龄相关、因调节能力下降而出现渐进性视近困难的生理现象,是40岁以上人群视觉相关生活质量下降的主要原因之一。老视矫正的目的是改善症状,提高功能性近视力,以期能达到恢复自身调节的目标。其矫正方法很多,配戴框架眼镜是矫正老视最简单、最安全的方法,包括单焦点、双焦点、三焦点或渐变多焦点眼镜。随着人们对视觉质量的要求提升,角膜接触镜及老视矫正手术(角膜手术、眼内手术、巩膜手术)也越来越被接受,手术目标是在矫正已有屈光不正的同时妥善处理调节不足问题。同时,针对老视药物治疗的研究也逐年增多,包括缩瞳类药物和恢复晶状体弹性药物,通过不同机制来改善老视的症状。文章就近年来老视矫正研究的相关文献进行综述。
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[Abstract]
Presbyopia is a physiological phenomenon related to age, in which there is a progressive difficulty in near vision due to decreased accommodation ability. It is one of the main reasons for the decline in visual related quality of life of people over 40 years old. The therapeutic objective is to improve symptoms, enhance functional near vision, and achieve the goal of restoring self-accommodation. A multitude of correction strategies are available, conventional spectacles is the simplest and safest method, which including monofocal, bifocal, trifocal, or gradient multifocal glasses. With the increasing demand for visual quality, corneal contact lenses and presbyopia correction surgeries(corneal refractive surgery, intraocular surgery, and scleral surgery)are becoming more and more accepted. The goal of these surgeries is to correct existing refractive errors while properly addressing the issue of decreased accommodation ability. At the same time, research on pharmacological interventions for presbyopia has been increasing year by year, including miotics and lens softeners, to improve the symptoms of presbyopia through different mechanisms. This article provides a review of relevant literature on presbyopia correction in recent years.
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