Retrobulbar neutitis(RN), caused by many factors, is a common clinical eye disease, generally it can be divided into acute and chronic types, the latter type is more common. Acute RN has fast onset, short duration, and sharp decline in vision, even to no light perception, for some patients, it could even develop into chronic RN. Timely and effective treatment should be given so as to avoid and reduce the late irreversible optic damage. Now we made a review on the current domestic and foreign research situation of RN in order to make a closer understanding of its etiology, pathogenesis and treatment progress, and provide help for the clinical treatment.