方法：随机横断面抽样调查，研究孟加拉吉大港区学龄前儿童的眼病发生率。对60所托儿所4～6岁学龄前儿童进行记录，走访且检查眼睛。根据性别、年龄、视力障碍和眼部疾病的诱因，分析所获得的数据。

结果：对60所托儿所共计900例学龄前儿童进行检查，其中男性儿童占52.6%，女性儿童占47.4%。年龄范围为4～6岁不等。平均年龄为5.47±0.64。在学龄前儿童中，眼病发生率为16.89%，通常疾病为7.66%儿童存在屈光不正，其次3.66%患结膜炎，2.77%患睑缘炎，1.66%患鼻泪管阻塞(NDO)，0.88%患感染性结膜炎，0.33%患麦粒肿，0.44%患睑板腺囊肿。其中1.11%患弱视，0.77%患斜视，0.11%患发育性白内障，0.33%患角膜混浊，是一个值得关注的问题。

结论：研究学龄前儿童的眼病发生率可以很容易地确定可持续视力筛查方案，如果及时采取治疗能够有效降低眼部疾病的患病率和视力障碍。目前的研究表明，未对屈光不正进行矫正是学龄前儿童视力障碍的主要原因。

METHODS: A random cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of ocular morbidity among preschool children in the urban area of Chittagong. Preschool children aged 4 to 6 years old in all 60 preschools were registered, interviewed and their eyes examined. All the data obtained was analyzed according to the sex, age, and causes of visual impairment and type of ocular diseases.

RESULTS: A total of 900 preschool children from 60 preschools were examined where boys were(52.6%)more than girls(47.4%). The age range of students varied from 4 to 6 years. The mean and median ages were 5.47±0.64. About 16.89% ocular morbidity was found among preschool going children and of these abnormalities 7.66% of children have Refractive error followed by Conjunctivitis 3.66%, Blepharitis 2.77%, Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction(NDO)1.66%, Infective conjunctivitis was 0.88%, Stye 0.33%, Chalazion 0.44%. Amblyopia was present in 1.11%, Strabismus in 0.77%, Development Cataract 0.11%, and Corneal Opacity in 0.33% cases which was a matter of concern.

CONCLUSION: Ocular morbidity among preschool children can be easily identified by ongoing eye screening programs and if treated timely to reduce the prevalence of ocular diereses and visual impairment. The present study shows uncorrected refractive errors as the main cause of visual disability in preschool children.