AIM: To observe the short-term efficacy of intravitreal injection of aflibercept on macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion(RVO).

METHODS: Totally 24 patients(24 eyes)with macular edema secondary to RVO confirmed by ophthalmic clinical examination received intravitreal injection of aflibercept from May to October in 2019 in hospital. Before and after the 1wk, 1mo treatment, all the eyes of the sick were examined with best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), optical coherence tomography angiography(3x3mm scanning range model)BCVA, central macular thickness(CMT), vascular density of superficial capillary plexus(SCP), vascular density of deep capillary plexus(DCP), and the area, perimeter and the roundness index in foveal avascular zone(FAZ)were observed.

RESULTS: Intravitreal injection of aflibercept for 1wk and 1mo, BCVA improved with the difference were statistically significant(P<0.05); The treatment for 1wk and 1mo, CMT decreased with the difference were statistically significant(P<0.001); There were no statistical difference for the vascular density of SCP,DCP and FD-300 before and after treatment 1wk, 1mo(P>0.05), and it revealed there was no obvious change for vascular density of SCP,DCP and FD-300(All P>0.05); The area and perimeter of FAZ after treatment increased obviously, and the roundness index of FAZ decreased than before with the difference were statistically significant(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: For macular edema secondary to RVO, eyesight improved and edema absorbed obviously with the intravitreal injection of aflibercept in short-term clinical observation. At the same time, FAZ become regular and macular ischemia wasn't aggravated after treatment.