·AIM:To discuss the association of corneal hemangio-genesis,corneal inflammation with corneal lymphangio-genesis after human corneal transplantation.·METHODS:Nineteen human corneas were obtained from 19 patients undergoing a second corneal transplan-tation from 2005 to 2008.Corneal hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis were examined by lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluroman receptor(LYVE-1)and platelet endothelial cell adhesion modecule-1(PECAM-1)double immunohisto-chemistry.The state of corneal inflamma-tion was evaluat-ed by inflammation index(IF)grading.Then,the association of blood vessel counting(BVC),IF,corneal transplantation history(TH)with lymphatic vessel count-ing(LVC)was examined.·RESULTS:LVC was strongly and positively correlated with both BVC(r=0.725;P<0.01)and IF(r=0.661;P<0.01)in transplanted human corneas.However,LVC was significantly and inversely correlated with TH(r=-0.301;P<0.01).Although the development of corneal lymphangio-genesis,hemangiogenesis and inflammation was parallel in general,corneal lymphangiogenesis disappeared followed by the inflammation of corneas and corneal blood vessels.·CONCLUSION:Corneal lymphangiogenesis correlates closely with corneal hemangiogenesis and inflammation after human corneal transplantation.·