AIM:To explore the clinical effect of pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)combined triamcinolone acetonide (TA) intravitreal injection for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).·METHODS:The study included 90 patients with PDR was who underwent PPV:TA group included 50 eyes,control group included 48 eyes. The visual acuity,inflammation,intraocular pressure and fundus were evaluated after surgery.·RESULTS:In the postoperative month 6,the inflammation reaction of anterior chamber and macular edema in TA group was less than that in control group (P<0.05).But the corrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure showed no shown statistical significance.·CONCLUSION:PPV combined TA intravitreal injection for PDR is useful to reduce postoperative intraocular inflammation and macular edema.