·AIM:To study the protective effect of vitamin D3(VD3)combined with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(rhG-CSF)on ocular structure of experimental diabetic mice.METHODS:Of 22 mice(C57/BL6 rats weighing 20-25g),3 healthy rats were chosen for blank control after glucose analysis.The others were diabetic models produced by 20g/L streptozotocin(STZ)injection(175mg/kg intraperitoneally in citrate buffer)after fasting for 15 hours.Blood was obtained from a tail vein to make glucose analysis 3 times in the third day after STZ injection(blood glucose concentration>16.7mmol/L as diabetic model).They were randomly distributed into two groups:experimental group(E group),control group(C group).In 14th day after STZ injection,E group animals were treated with VD3 5mg/kg intraperitoneally once a week;In 28th day after STZ injection,with hypodermic injection of rhG-CSF 20μg/kg per days for 5 consecutive days.At the 7th,14th,21st,28th,35th,42nd,49th day,blood sugar monitoring,direct ophthalmoscope examination and thickness measurement were taken by pathologic analyzing software.Data were processed by SPSS 16.0.RESULTS:Corneal edema of C group lasted from 1st week to 7th week.After combined treatment,corneal edema turned better(F=1668.887,P=0.00).Two groups had significant difference at different time(F=546.835,P=0.00).There were significant interaction effects between the time and group factors(F=163.566,P=0.00).At 5th week,corneal epithelium atrophy of C group was significant(F=96.914,P=0.00),E group was near normal(P>0.05).Choroid membrane atrophy of C group lasted from 1st week to 7th week.E group had protective effects on choroid membrane(F=1579.832,P=0.00).Both groups had atrophy of the retina,but E group was better than C group(F=531.239,P=0.00).CONCLUSION:VD3 combined with rhG-CSF has significant protective effect on ocular structure of experimental diabetic mouse.