AIM:To study the factors and treatments of neovascular glaucoma(NVG)after vitrectomy and lens removal for proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)patients.METHODS:The postoperative NVG was analyzed in 7 PDR patients(7 eyes)after vitrectomy and phacoemulsification.Then they underwent the implantation of glaucoma valve combined with retinal photocoagulation.The visual acuity and intraocular pressure(IOP)were observed.RESULTS:NVG that occurred in 3-6 months after operation was the most(71.4%),all eyes had not been treated by further panretinal photocoagulation(PRP)and fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)before occurring NVG.After treatment,the IOP was controlled in 5 eyes(71.4%),without declining eyesight,the new vessels decreased or regressed.CONCLUSION:The factors like the degree of disease,the stability of blood glucose,the skill and PRP in operation,the postoperative follow-up and further PRP,etc,all can influence the occurrence of NVG.Glaucoma valve combined with PRP can not only decrease IOP but also decrease or regress the new vessels.It is a safe and effective approach to those NVG patients.