Currently, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has become a worldwide important cause of blindness in children, accounting for 6% to 18% of causes of blindness in children. It has become a global concern to improve the quality of life in preterm infants by controlling ROP. Therefore, the establishment of an appropriate animal model of retinal neovascularization has become an important means of discussing the pathogenesis of retinal neovascularization and assessing the effect of drug treatment. In this paper, a variety of models to simulate the process of ROP were reviewed.