AIM:To study the characteristics of reading visual acuity in myopic anisometropes and myopes without anisometropia by E Standard Logarithm Near Visual Acuity Chart and Chinese Characters Near Visual Acuity Chart. METHODS:Eighteen myopic anisometropes(experimental group, EG)and seventeen myopes without anisometropia(control group, CG)were recruited for this study. All subjects were fully corrected based on subjective refraction using frame glasses and then were measured reading visual acuity by E Standard Logarithm Near Visual Acuity Chart and Chinese Characters Near Visual Acuity Chart. RESULTS:There was no significant difference in binocular reading visual acuity between EG and CG at contrast level 100% or 10%(P>0.05). The reading visual acuity measured at contrast level 100% was significant different from that measured under 10% in both EG and CG (P<0.01).The reading visual acuity measured by Chinese Characters Near Visual Acuity Chart was obviously worse than that measured by E Standard Logarithm Near Visual Acuity Chart at both two contrast levels (100%, 10%). There was no significant difference in reading visual acuity between medium myopia group and low myopia group(P>0.05). CONCLUSION:There was no significant difference in binocular reading visual acuity between myopic anisometropes and myopes without anisometropia. The contrast had great effect on reading visual acuity. When the contrast was lower, the reading visual acuity measured was worse. There was no significant correlation between reading visual acuity and myopic diopter. The reading visual acuity measured by Chinese Characters Near Visual Acuity Chart was obviously worse than that measured by E Standard Logarithm Near Visual Acuity Chart. The reason might be that Chinese Characters Near Visual Acuity Chart only took the visual angle as standard design parameter according to the character’s height, while ignored the complex configuration and stroke of characters. So the Chinese Characters Near Visual Acuity Chart used at present should perfect its design and conversion mechanism.