AIM:To analyse the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Quanzhou region. METHODS:The fundus of 383 premature infants were reviewed,who were examined in Ophthalmology clinic and NICU from October 2010 to September 2011, and a meta-analysis was performed. RESULTS:In all the 383 premature infant cases, ROP was found in 53 cases, accounted for 13.8%, all binocular. Pre-threshold typeⅠROP in 22 cases, accounted for 5.7%, which were treated with photocoagulation therapy. The 5 period ROP was in 1 case, accounted for 0.3%. Aggressive posterior ROP was in 2 cases, accounted for 0.5%. Data also showed that the incidence and severity of ROP had a negative corrlation with birth weight and gestational age, especially birth weight. CONCLUSION:Low birth weight and gestational age are the fundamental risk factors of ROP. We should develop standard ROP screening for those high risk premature infants.