To analyze the correlation of astigmatism by corneal topography and cycloplegic retinoscopy in children with non-mixed astigmatism and study the value of corneal topography. METHODS:Both corneal topography and cycloplegic retinoscopy-were used in 88 cases (171 eyes) with non-mixed astigmatism and their results were compared. RESULTS:The difference was not significant in examining astigmatism axis and astigmatism degree (t=1.838，P>0. 05；t=1.009，P>0.05),but the actual best-corrected visual acuity was significantly different from high prediction visual acuity(PVA) and low PVA（t=3566，P<0.01；t=3.445，P<0.01）. CONCLUSION: The degree and axis of astigmatism by corneal topography can provide important reference for cycloplegic retinoscopy. Corneal topography can play an important role in increasing the speed and accuracy of cycloplegic retinoscopy.