Bullous keratopathy(BK) has become a common corneal disease which can lead to blind. BK is the last phase condition of endothelial decompensation. Because of corneal endothelial damage, the corneal edema developed, associated with bubbles in the epithelium. It is increasingly observed accompanied with other eye diseases, such as some intraocular surgeries, ocular trauma and endophthalmitis, so that it is difficult to treat. In recent years, many surgical methods have been developed along with clinical medications and traditional operation methods. Clinical research of exploiting intralamellar surgery of cornea, expanding amniotic membrane transplantation(AMT) and AMT with other operation methods have been realized successfully. There are corneal endothelial transplantation and culturing the corneal endothelium which offer considerable theoretical advantages over penetrating keratoplasty(PKP) in treatment of endothelial dysfunction and are being practiced and evaluated clinically. Available literature related to BK, clinical treatments and research advances are reviewed in this article.