AIM:To observe the efficacy transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation for eyes with congenital microphthalmia(CM) complicated with glaucoma persistent high intraocular pressure. METHODS:Retrospective self-controlled study. This study enrolled 5 cases (7 eyes) with CM complicated with glaucoma persistent high intraocular pressure performed transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation from January 2009 to January 2011 in Xingtai eye hospital. Pre- and postoperative visual acuity, intraocular pressure and complications were observed and analyzed statistically. RESULTS:During the follow-up all patients eye pain symptoms released. The mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was 52.56±7.31mmHg. The mean IOP of postoperative 1 month was 17.8±4.7mmHg. At the follow-up of postoperative 6 months, the mean IOP was 14.18±453mmHg. There was significant statistical difference between preoperative IOP and that of postoperative 1 month and 6 months.Compared with the preoperation (00334±0.0322), the postoperative mean visual acuity (0.127±0.165) increased, there was significant statistical difference (P<0.01). There were 5 eyes(71.4%) postoperative visual acuity increased, 2 eyes (28.6%) had not changed after laser cyclophotocoagulation. All the anterior chamber had inflammation, and all disappeared after medical treatment. CONCLUSION:Transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation is a safe and effective therapeutic method to CM complicated with glaucoma persistent high intraocular pressure.