Oncomodulin(OM)is known by us progressively as a Calcium binding protein. Recently, OM has been found that it is secreted by inflammatory cells(neutrophilic granulocyte), and a signal which can promote cell growth between innate immunity and neurons, and a key to regenerate the damaged optical nerves by activating inflammation. The function of promoting the regeneration progress of axons has become a hot issue in recent years. This article summarized the mechanism of OM and the relationship between inflammation-induced OM and optic nerve regeneration research and progress were reviewed.