Conjunctiva goblet cells are spread out within a stratified epithelium, and keep ocular surface homeostasis by secreting mucin. Previous research has shown conjunctiva goblet cells can secret mucin, remove debris and modulate ocular surface immune function. In this review, we will focus on biological characteristics of conjunctiva goblet cells and the effect of key factors SAM pointed domain Ets factor(SPDEF)on differentiation and function of conjunctiva goblet cells, and further understand relationship between goblet cells and eye health.