Aquaporins(AQPs)mainly mediate passive transmembrane transport of free water along osmotic pressure gradient. Three aquaporins, AQP1, AQP0 and AQP5, expressed in lens fibroblasts. The different functions of AQPs play important roles in promoting the formation and regulation of microcirculatory system. Furthermore, mutations in AQP-related genes can lead to cataracts. This paper reviews the current research status of aquaporin, and discusses the relationship between aquaporin-related proteins and congenital cataract.