The incidence of dry eye is increasing worldwidely, and its pathogenesis is unclear yet. Studies have shown that oxidative stress is an important factor leading to many acute and chronic diseases and aging. The ocular surface contribute the first line of defense to the eye from oxidative stress, which is caused by the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and anti-oxidative system. This review focuses on the evaluation of the influence of inflammation and oxidative stress emphasizing their relation with the pathogenesis of dry eye and anti-inflammation strategy.