Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the effects of the extract of Buddleja officinalis eye drops in basic tears secretory volume,tear film stability,expression of androgen receptors(AR) in castrated rats with dry eye,and to investigate the therapeutic effects of extract of Buddleja officinalis on dry eye caused by gonadal hormones level imbalance.·METHODS:A total of 45 Wistar masculinity rats were divided at random into 9 groups,including normal group(A1,A2 and A3),model group(B1,B2 and B3),therapy group with extract of Buddleja officinalis eye drops(C1,C2 and C3).The "1" stood for being fed for 1 month,and "2" for 2 months,and "3" for 3 months.The dry eye model was established with orchiectomy on group B,C.Group C was treated with Buddleja officinalis extract eye drops for one month.All rats were checked with Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt) and tear film break-up time (BUT).Expression of AR was analyzed by flow cytometer(FCM).·RESULTS:The SⅠt value of group C was significantly higher than that of group B (P<0.01) and the BUT value of group C was significantly longer than that of group B (P<0.01),which indicated the eye drop could significantly keep basic tears secretory volume and tear film stability.And the expression of AR of group C was much higher than that of group B,which showed that available composition of the eye drops maybe display androgen-like activity.·CONCLUSION:The main components of extract of Buddleja officinalis is the flavonoids which could significantly inhibit happening of dry eye of rat after androgen level lowered.Its mechanism is like androgen’s and it could display androgen-like activity to keep basic tears secretory volume and tear film stability.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the effect of endothelin-1(ET-1) on the cytoskeleton protein F-actin of cultured human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells.·METHODS:Cultured HTM cells were randomly divided into four groups:control group(0mol/L),low-dose ET-1(10-9mol/L) treatment group,middle-dose ET-1(10-8 mol/L) treatment group,and high-dose ET-1(10-7 mol/L) treatment group.After treated with ET-1,the expression of cytoskeleton protein F-actin in trabecular meshwork was analyzed with Western-blot and the distribution of F-actin was detected with FITC-Phalloidin probe.·RESULTS:ET-1 dose-dependently and significantly increased F-actin in trabecular meshwork cells.The F-actin stress fiber and periphery actin fiber highly increased and manifested mild reorganization after treated with ET-1;and there were much more cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix attachments formation in ET-1 treated HTM cells than that in the untreated HTM cells.·CONCLUSION:ET-1 promoted the expression of cytoskeleton protein F-actin and induced the trabecular meshwork actin cytoskeleton reorganization.

Abstract:AIM:To describe the involvement in relatives of kera-toconus (KCN) patients with corneal topography map.·METHODS:A total of 300 eyes of 150 siblings of 75 KCN patients referred to corneal clinic were studied and experienced complete slit-lamp,refraction examinations and topographic cornea maps provided by videophoto-keratography.ANOVA,Fisher exact and Chi-square tests were performed to compare the results.·RESULTS:From 150 siblings,56% were female and 44% were male with average age of 21 (range of 15-39) years old.KCN and suspect KCN diagnosed in 12.3% and 6.6% respectively.The central keratometry (CK) was 46.50±4.51 dioptr(D) in KCN and 45.66±1.52 (D) in suspect KCN.Inferior-superior value (I-S) was 3.51±2.50(D) in KCN and 1.56±1.22 (D) in suspect KCN.In KCN condition the oval pattern was 67.6% (n=25) and round pattern detected was 32.4% (n=12).In suspect KCN these patterns detected were 90% and 10% respectively.Refractive errors in KCN were-7.50 to +1.25D(-1.25±1.83),in suspect KCN 0.45 to-4.2D(-0.68±0.76) and in healthy group 2.75 to-7.5D(-0.6±1.12).Astigmatism was mild in 22.7%,moderate astigmatism in 18.3% in KCN and suspect KCN·CONCLUSION:Increase KCN condition in healthy siblings of KCN patients shows require of screening to early diagnose and cautious treatment of contact lens in these individuals.

Abstract:AIM:To know the psychological conditions of various cataract patients in pre-and post-operative periods.·METHODS:From June 2008 to June 2009,278 cataract patients had been asked to complete a questionnaire anonymously of their self-evaluation of symptoms scale (SCL) before and after operation.In their pre-operative and post-operative surveys,the results were compared with the norms respectively.Patients were divided into two groups.Group A were age-related cataract patients;while Group B were cataract patients with glaucoma,trauma or metabolic disease.·RESULTS:When cataract patients’ masculine scores of somatization,depression,anxiety and fear factors before and after the operation rank higher than the norms,the differences had statistical significance(P<0.05),especially the somatization factor(P<0.01).While cataract patients with diseases such as glaucoma,trauma or diabetes got higher marks than age-related cataract patients in the aspects of anxiety,somatization,depression (P<0.05),and fear factors,the differences were of statistical significance(P<0.01).·CONCLUSION:Cataract patients both in pre-and post-and operative periods have somatization behaviors and emotions of depression,anxiety and fear.Cataract patients with glaucoma,trauma or diabetes especially anxiety have more obvious symptoms than age-related cataract patients.

Abstract:AIM:To analyse the risk factors of age,sex,course,best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),diopter and fundus features of high myopes with progressive high myopia.·METHODS:A total of 167 patients with high myopes were categorized into four groups:group 1,age of 29 years or younger;group 2,between the age of 30 to 49 years;group 3,between the age of 50 to 69 years and group 4,age of 70 years or older.The refractive errors of all patients were measured without cycloplegia with an autorefractometer.Data of the spherical equivalent(SE) of the refractive errors in diopters (D)and fundus examed by direct ophthalmoscope were used in statistical analyses.·RESULTS:The number of female was statistically larger than that of male(P<0.01),also the disease course was correlated to the age.The visual acuity of high myopes significantly decreased as they grew older including the higher incidence of lacquer cracker,submacular hemorrhage,Fuchs spots,chorioretinal atrophy.·CONCLUSION:Female maybe a risk factor of high myopia,advanced age is an important factor of visual acuity decrease.High myopes ought to be treated early to delay the progress of myopia and development of macular degeneration.

Abstract:AIM:To report a case of Susac-syndrome (SS) in a 25 years old female with sudden peripheral visual field defects and hearing loss.·METHODS:A 25 years old female with sudden peri-pheral visual field defects and hearing loss was reported,and the correlations between retinal findings in ultra-widefield-angiography and presented visual field defects were documented.·RESULTS:Our patient presented the characteristic clinical triad of SS.Certain correlations between retinal findings in ultra-widefield-angiography and visual field defects could be shown.·CONCLUSION:Ultra-widefield-angiography has been proven to be a valuable tool to detect and follow peripheral lesions of SS in clinical management.

Abstract:AIM:To reconstruct tissue-engineered human corneal endothelia (TE-HCE) in vitro and characterize them in morphology and structure.·METHODS:Monoclonal HCE cells (mcHCE cells) were cloned from untransfected HCE cell line by limited dilution,and their karyotypes were analyzed by routine methods of chromosomal preparing and karyosyste-matics.Modified denuded amniotic membranes (mdAMs) were prepared from amniotic membrane by inverted trypsin denudation and coated with extracellular matrix proteins.TE-HCEs were in vitro reconstructed by using mcHCE cells at logarithmic phase as seed cells and mdAMs tiled on well bottoms of a 24-well culture plate as scaffold carriers,which were cultured in 200mL/L fetal bovine serum (FBS)-containing DMEM/F12 medium at 37℃ in a 50mL/L CO2 incubator.The morphology of seed cells,formation of cell junctions,integrality of endothelial monolayer and its integrated status to mdAM were investigated by Alizarin red staining,freeze-section’s hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining,inverted microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The ultrastructure of seed cells on mdAM and formation of cell junctions were examined by transmission electron microscopy.The expres-sion patterns of different cell junction proteins of TE-HCE seeder cells were detected by immunofluorescent techniques.·RESULTS:Seven mcHCE cell strains with normal karyotype (2n=46) were screened out from the untrans-fected HCE cell line.About 30 hours after reconstruction initiation,mcHCE seeder cells formed an integrated mono-layer on mdAM with a cell density as high as 3413/mm2.Most of seed cells were in polygonal morphology,integral endothelial monolayer was reconstructed with various cell-cell and cell-mdAM junctions.And the ultrastructure of seed cells was similar to that of HCE cells in vivo,with a lot of mitochondria scattered in cytoplasm.Besides,the seed cells maintained positive expression of cell junction proteins such as zonula occludens protein 1,N-cadherin,connecxin-43 and integrin αv/β5.·CONCLSUION:The TE-HCEs,with similar morphology and structure to those of HCE in vivo,were successfully reconstructed,and can be used promisingly as HCE equivalents for clinical corneal endothelium transplantation.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate Bcl-xL gene expression rule in human keratocyte transferred with LipofectamineTM (LF)2000.·METHODS:The transfection efficiency was examined with RT-PCR,flow cytometry 1 day,2,3,5,10,15 days after transfection.·RESULTS:Bcl-xL expression in keratocyte was observed 1 day after transfection,at the top on 3 days(48.3%),and declined thereafter,while on 15 days there were still a little Bcl-xL positive cells.·CONCLUSION:Liposome can transfer Bcl-xL gene into keratocyte.

Abstract:AIM:To understand effects of octreotide on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion in cultured A375 melanoma cells.·METHODS:A375 cells in vitro amplificated were co-cultured with octreotide of concentration 5,1 and 0.2mg/L for 24,48 and 72 hours.Whether octreotide affected the proliferation of A375 melanoma cells was tested by MTT methods.The octreotide effects on VEGF secretion in A375 cells were tested according to the ELISA method,and octreotide effects on cultured A375 melanoma cell line proliferation and VEGF secretion were statistically analyzed.·RESULTS:Twenty-four hours after coculture,octreo-tide improved the A375 cell proliferation (F=14.180,P=0.00).The concentration and time of octreotide coculture with A375 cells in vitro affected the VEGF secretion significantly (content factor:F=24.441,P=0.00;time factor:F=127.233,P=0.00).Octreotide of the three concentrations improved VEGF secretion in A375 cells in 24 hours.The higher concentration,the less in crease of VEGF level(One-way analysis of variance:F=19.489,P=0.00),and octreotide decreased VEGF secretion in A375 cells in 72-hour,the inhibiting power accorded with the concentration(One-way analysis of variance:F=16.116,P=0.002).·CONCLUSION:Octreotide inhibition on VEGF secretion in A375 melanoma cells is a long-term trend and in a dose-dependent manner.

Abstract:AIM:To study the effects of matrine (Mat) on cell cycle of rabbit lens epithelial cells (RLECs) in vitro.·METHODS:0.5g,1.0g and 1.5g/L Mat was added to the RLECs in vitro for 72 hours culture respectively.The cell cycle of RLECs was analyzed by flow cytometer (FCM).·RESULTS:The percentage of RLECs in S stage was decreased significantly by Mat(P<0.05),while with a significant increase in the percentage of G0-G1 stage cells(P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:Mat could effectively prevent cell division to inhibit the proliferation of RLECs in vitro.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the influence of the Fritillaria thun-bergii’s extract on the proliferation of the cultured orbital fibroblasts (OF) of the thyroid-associated ophthalmo-pathy (TAO)-patients.·METHODS:The cultured OF of the normal and the TAO-patients was introduced.The Fritillaria thunbergii’s extract and the Dexamethasone(Dex) as the positive contrast medicine were devided into different groups to detect the influence of the Fritillaria thunbergii’s extract on the proliferation of the cultured OF of the normal and the TAO-patients by the MTT method.·RESULTS:The Fritillaria thunbergii’s extract showed a similar result to Dex in inhibiting the prolife-ration of cultured OF of the TAO-patients,and both of them showed the dose-dependence.But the inhibition of the Fritillaria thunbergii’s extract to the proliferation of the TAO-patients’ OF was better than the normal obviously (P<0.05),and the Dex had no this selectivity.·CONCLUSION:The Fritillaria thunbergii inhibit the proliferation of TAO-patients’ OF.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the effect of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) of bushenhuoxue on the rat model of chronic,moderately elevated intraocular pressure(EIOP).·METHODS:By unilaterally cauterizing episcleral vessels,the rat model of chronic,moderately EIOP was gotten.52 rats were divided into 5 groups randomly:model control group,treatment groups with high,middle,low dosage of bushenhuoxue of TCM,and normal control group.After given drugs or normal saline for 8 weeks,the rats were put to death and eyeballs were taken out.The effects were observed by intraocular pressure(IOP),multifocal electroretinogram(mfERG),and retinal ganglion cells(RGCs).·RESULTS:Elevated IOP was gotten and there was an approximately 3-fold increase in IOP for 8 weeks later comparing to pre-models building.Bushenhuoxue of TCM can lower IOP slightly;To observe the mfERG first order kernel(FOK),bushenhuoxue of TCM can improve P1 wave’s 1,2,3,4 ring’s amplitude density,P1 wave’s peak time,N1 wave’s 2,3 ring’s amplitude density and N1 wave’s 2,3 ring’s peak time.·CONCLUSION:Bushenhuoxue of TCM can protect the visual function from elevating IOP by improving mfERG’s amplitude density and peak time.So the mfERG can be a sensitivity method to evaluate its efficacy.

Abstract:AIM:To investigate the effect of Sanjiemingmu tablet(SJMMT)on inhibiting proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR) by testing the contents of interleukin-6(IL-6) in vitreous body and retinal homogenate of modeling rabbits eyes with vitreous hemorrhage and observing hematocele and proliferative membrane.·METHODS:The models of vitreous hemorrhage were induced with autoblood in rabbits eyes and divided into blank control group,model group,positive control group treated with hexuemingmu tablet(HXMMT),and the high,medium,low-dose groups of SJMMT.Hematocele and proliferative membrane was observed by B-scan and the concentration of IL-6 in the vitreous and retinal homo-genate was examined after 6 weeks.·RESULTS:B-scan showed the hematocele absorbing of SJMMT high and medium-dose groups was better than SJMMT low-dose group and HXMMPT group.No proliferative membrane formed.Compared with blank control group,HXMMT group and the high,medium,low-dose groups of SJMMT showed significant difference(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,HXMMT group and the high,medium,low-dose groups of SJMMT showed significant difference(P<0.05).The high and medium-dose groups of SJMMT showes significant diffe-rence with the low-dose group and HXMMT group (P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:SJMMT can accelerate hematocele absor-bing,inhibit organizing trabs and proliferative membrane.

Abstract:AIM:Selective disturbance of macular Müller cells on the neural retina and retinal vasculature in non-human primates.Try to establish the animal model of idiopathic perifoveal telangiectasis(IPT).·METHODS:Twelve rhesus monkeys (24 eyes) were divided into 6 groups randomly.In the former 3 groups,DL-α-aminoadipic acid (DL-α-AAA) solution 30μL of 5,10,50mmol/L were injected subretinally respectively,one eye for each rhesus monkey,as 3 experimental groups.The control groups were injected subretinally PBS 30μL in other eyes.In the later 3 groups,DL-α-AAA solution 100μL of 16,50,80mmol/L were injected intravitreally respectively,one eye for each rhesus monkey,as 3 experimental groups.The control groups were injected intravitreally PBS 100μL in other eyes.All eyes were examined by fundus color photography,fluorescein an-giography,macular autofluorescence,optical coherence tomography(OCT),multifocal electroretinography(mfERG) and optical microscopy at 1st week before the operation and 6th,12nd week after the operation.·RESULTS:After 6th week of operation,IPT were hap-pened in the groups of subretinal 5mmol/L,10mmol/L and the group of intravitreal 50mmol/L.In the same con-centration groups,corresponding pathological changes were found by OCT and optical microscopy.The group of subretinal 50mmol/L and the group of intravitreal 80mmol/L response a more serious pathological changes,but IPT has not occurred in those groups.·CONCLUSION:DL-α-AAA as ah agent-specific inter-ference of Müller cells in retina,the concentration between subretinal 5mmol/L to 10mmol/L and the concentration intravitreal 50mmol/L could induce IPT.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the possibility of transferring enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) to cultured retinal Müller cells (RMCs) via electroporation and lipofection and to compare the transfection efficiency of electroporation with lipofection in cultured RMCs of rats.·METHODS:First of all,Müller cells were isolated from rat retina,and proliferating cells were expanded in serum-containing medium.Secondly,the third or fourth passage of cells were identified by glutamatespartate transporters (GLAST) and glutamine synthetase (GS).Thirdly,cultured RMCs were transfected either by electroporation or by lipofection using a PEGFP-N1 plasmid.At last,the cells were analyzed 24,48 hours,3,4 days,1 week and 2 weeks after transfection by fluorescence microscopy.·RESULTS:Ninety-five percent cultured RMCs were positively reacted for GLAST and GS.Twenty-four hours after transfection there are only few cells transfected in these two groups.However,the percentage of trans-fected cells was significantly higher when electroporation was used as compared with lipofection in forty-eight hours after transfection.At this time,the transfection efficiency was superior with electroporation (31.0%±2.8%) as compared to lipofection (10.5%±2.4%).And there were significant differences between them (P<0.01).The expression of EGFP could be detected for at most 1 week after lipofection and more than 2 weeks after electroporation.·CONCLUSION:Our results show the feasibility of a gene tranfer into RMCs via electroporation and lipofec-tion.Electroporation is superior to lipofection in RMCs.This study may provide a novel tool for our future targeted gene therapy on RMCs.

Abstract:AIM:To investigate influence used times of microke-ratome blades on corneal flap quality (including corneal flap thickness,uniformity of thickness and smoothness of cut surface) in LASIK through imitating the course that corneal flaps were made on freshly enucleated swine eyes.·METHODS:Thirty-six freshly enucleated swine eyes were divided into 6 groups(Ⅰ-Ⅵ) according to the times blades were used(1-6).Ⅰand Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ were combined separately to A,B,C groups.Central corneal thickness,corneal refractive power and IOP were measured.The course that corneal flaps were made was imitated on enucleated swine eyes and central corneal flap thickness was calculated.3 flaps from every groups wew chosen and uniformity of corneal flap thickness was observed with optical microscopy.1 flap from three groups were chosen (Ⅰ,Ⅳ,Ⅳ)and smoothness of cut surface was observed with scanning electron microscopy.·RESULTS:There was no difference between the 6 groups in central corneal thickness、corneal refractive power and IOP before operation.The everage central corneal flap thickness of Ⅰ-Ⅵ group were 152.7±14.6,143.8±9.3,128.3±12.7,114.2±9.6,99.7±5.7,70.0±12.7μm.There was no difference between Ⅰand Ⅱ,but Ⅲ-Ⅵ were different from Ⅰin central corneal flap thickness.There was a negative correlation between corneal flap thickness and the used times of blades.The average corneal flap thickness of A-C were 150.8±15.4,121.2±13.0,88.3±15.1μm.There was significant difference between the two groups.With the increase in the used times of blades,uniformity of corneal flap thickness decreased with optical microscopy and smoothness of cut surface decreased with scanning electron microscopy.·CONCLUSION:With the increase in the used times of blades,corneal flap thickness became thinner,uniformity of corneal flap thickness and smoothness of cut surface decreased.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the effect of huwangmingmusan (HWMMS) on retinal tissue of experimental vitreous hemorrhage.·METHODS:We divided 48 rabbits with experimental vitreous hemorrhage into a normal control group,a modal group,a traditional Chinese medicine group HWMMS and a western medicine group (entodan).With the treatment of medicine,six rabbits of the four groups were killed randomly in the 4th and 8th week and their retinal tissues were sent to light microscopy examination.·RESULTS:It was suggested that the retinal neuroe-pithelium tissue of the HWMMS group has fewer damages than the modal group and the entodan group.·CONCLUSION:We concluded that the HWMMS has a therapeutic effect on retinal damage.

Abstract:AIM:To investigate the proportion of different types of cataract,distribution of genders,ages,nationalities and economic standard,as well as the changes of hospitalized patients with cataract,to provide new epidemiological data for prevention and cure and investigation of cataract.·METHODS:A total of 984 cases in our Department of Ophthalmology from January 2003 to December 2007 were studied.Based on the classification of discharge diagnosis,the structure of ages,distribution of genders and natio-nalities,and economic standard in groups of patients were analyzed,as well as the constitutive proportions of each kind of cataract.The data were then compared between two periods (year 2003 and year 2007).·RESULTS:Senile cataract was also the main part in our hospital.During the period 2003,senile cataract constitu-ted 82.10% of all cataract,while it changed to 53.76% during 2007,complicated cataract constituted 3.08% in 2003,27.07% in 2007 (P<0.05).From 2003 to 2007,constituent of each year in these 5 periods increased slowly,but compared with 2003,constituent of 2007 had increased 1.64 times (P<0.05).In these 984 cases,male patients exceeded female patients,male patients 553 cases,average age was 60.09,female patients 431 cases,average age was 62.22.In these 5 years,cataract patients were primarily Han nationality and Uighur nationality,and Han nationality exceeded Uighur nationality.With the division of north Xinjiang and south Xinjiang,the patients of north Xinjiang exceeded south Xinjiang,and urban patients exceeded village patients.·CONCLUSION:Compared with the constitutive portions of hospitalized patients with cataract in other hospitals,the results were not all the same in our Department of Ophthalmology.Senile cataract was also the main part.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the clinical effect of phacoemul-sification and intraocular lens on patients with angle-closure glaucoma at preclinical or presymptomatic stage.·METHODS:Sixty-six patients (66 eyes) with acute angle-closure glaucoma at preclinical or presymptomatic stage were chosen and randomly divided into three groups,with 22 eyes in each group.Group A received laser peripheral iridotomy.Group B received phacoemulsifi-cation and intraocular lens.Group C received phacoe-mulsification and intraocular lens combined with peripheral iridotomy.The changes of intraocular pressure,anterior chamber angle,corrected vision and anterior chamber depth were examined during the 11.72±0.96 months follow-up.·RESULTS:The results in the final follow-up after operation were as follows:the anterior chamber angle in group A,group B and group C widened significantly(P<0.05),the difference in the gonioscopy grading of the anterior chamber angle among the three groups was not statistically significant.The anterior chamber depth in Group A did not change significantly,the anterior chamber depth significantly increased in group B and group C(P<0.05),the anterior chamber depth in group A was lower than that in group B and group C,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),the difference between group B and group C was not statistically significant.The intraocular pressure in the three groups did not change significantly,the variance in the intraocular pressure among the three groups was not statistically significant.The sensitivity of dark room provocative test in group A did not change significantly,the sensitivity of dark room provocative test in group B and group C significantly decreased(P<0.05),the difference among the three groups was not statistically significant.The corrected vision in group A did not change significantly,the corrected vision in group B and group C improved significantly(P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens is superior to laser peripheral iridotomy on the aspects of widening the anterior chamber angle,reducing potentialy the sensitivity of dark room provocative test and improving the corrected vision.It is not necessary to combine peripheral iridotomy with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the efficiency and safety of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) on primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and compare the effect under different condition:POAG with previous trabeculoplasty,POAG with medical therapy and POAG without therapy.·METHODS:46 eyes of 46 patients with uncontrolled POAG(group A with previous trabeculectomy,group B with medical therapy and group C without therapy)were treated with a frequency-doubled,Q-switched Nd:YAG laser,intraocular pressure(IOP)was measured 1 hour,1 day,1 week and 1,3,6 months after treatment.·RESULTS:The average IOP was(16.9±3.2)、(18.7±3.3)、(18.9±3.3)、(19.8±3.2)、(20.0±3.4)mmHg at 1 day,1 week and 1,3,6 months after SLT,respectively.There was significant IOP decrease after SLT and no difference among group A,B and C.·CONCLUSION:SLT is an effective and safe method to lower IOP of POAG no matter whether the patient had previous trabeculoplasty,medical therapy or without therapy.

Abstract:AIM:To investigate the postoperative vision in rhegmato-genous retinal detachment(RRD),and its influencing factors.·METHODS:All 99 patients(102 eyes) with RRD that underwent surgical management in our hospital from January 2002 to October 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.81 eyes underwent surgical management of scleral buckling and 21 eyes underwent surgical manage-ment of vitreoretinal surgery.Age,area of retinal detachment,course,proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR),involvement of the macular region in the detachment,refraction,position of break,visual acuity,situation of the break and its closure on retina and retinal replacement of patients were observed.Chi-square test was performed to analyze the postoperative vision and influencing factors,for example age,area of retinal detachment,course,proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR),situation of the macular and refraction.According to the results,the significative factors were analyzed with Spearman test.·RESULTS:Improved postoperative vision was observed in 53 eyes (52.0%),invariable vision was observed in 33 eyes(32.3%),and descended vision was observed in 16 eyes (15.7%).The situation of postoperative vision had significant difference in different PVR grade,macular situation,area of retinal detachment,course and age (P<0.05),and the connections between postoperative vision and influencing factors were as follows:PVR grade(rs=-0.521,P=0.000),macular situation(rs=-0.446,P =0.000),course(rs=-0.423,P =0.000),area of retinal detachment(rs=-0.411,P=0.000),age(rs=-0.267,P =0.007).·CONCLUSION:Postoperative vision improvement was related with PVR grade,macular situation,course,area of retinal detachment,and age,preoperative PVR grade,macular situation,and course are the most important influencing factors to postoperative vision.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the clinical performance of Icare rebound tonometer by comparing the intraocular pressure (IOP) values mea-sured by Icare,Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) and dynamic contour tonometry (DCT).·METHODS:IOP measurement was performed on 152 eyes of 78 subjects by Icare,GAT and DCT respectively.All subjects were devided into three groups(high,medium and low IOP groups)according to their IOP values,the IOP measured by Icare,GAT and DCT were compared.·RESULTS:The mean IOP of Icare,GAT and DCT were 19.16±5.03mmHg,18.41±4.52mmHg and 17.23±3.69mmHg respectively.Compared with each other,there were significant differences in IOP of Icare,GAT and DCT,however,there were closely correlations between each other.The mean IOP differences between each other increased along with the increase IOP in the high,medium and low IOP groups.·CONCLUSION:The IOP measured by Icare was accurate and credible at the same time,there were closely correlations between the IOP of Icare and the IOP of GAT and DCT.

Abstract:AIM:To explore the different surgical methods on tear function in patients with pterygium and its possible mechanism.·METHODS:Fifty cases of pterygium patients (50 eyes) were randomly divided into two groups,A group of 30 patients (30 eyes) underwent pterygium excision combined with pedicle conjunctival flap,B group of 20 patients (20 eyes) underwent wing-shaped pterygium excision combined with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation.Respectively before and 1 month,3 months after surgery the tear film break-up time (BUT),Schirmer I test,conjunctiva fluorescein staining (CFS),tear fern tilting test (TFT) were checked.Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) was used to evaluate the effects of tear function changes in pterygium and on quality of patients life after pterygium excision and to make statistical analysis.·RESULTS:Of two groups of patients 1 months posto-peration BUT shortened,CFS increased,OSDI become high,tear fern crystallization was poor,and the differences were significant (P<0.05),while the difference between postoperative and preoperative Schirmer I was insignifi-cant.As for 3 months postoperation BUT,Schirmer I,CFS,OSDI,TFT postoperative and preoperative difference of the two groups was not significant.BUT after 1 month of B group was longer than the A group,CFS less than the A group,OSDI higher than the A group,tear fern crystals better than A group,the difference was signifi-cant (P<0.05),while for the two groups SchirmerI 1mo after surgery,there was no significant difference.There was no significant difference between both groups on BUT,Schirmer I,CFS,OSDI,TFT 3 months after surgery.·CONCLUSION:Pterygium excision affected tear film function at the early postoperative stage.Tear film function returned to preoperative levels 3 months after surgery.Influence of pterygium excision combined with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation on function of the tear film is less than that of pterygium excision combined with conjunctival pedicle flap grafting at early postoperative stage.

Abstract:AIM:To explore the correlated factors between multivariate ocular factors and the development of dry eye.·METHODS:Five hundred and thirty-six cases with dry eye were selected and evaluated with a series of ocular testing of the Schirmer test,the tears film stability,the staining with fluorescein sodium on cornea.A question-naire about dry eye was surveyed.The multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relation between multivariate ocular factors and the development of dry eye.·RESULTS:The Logistic regression predictive equation for dry eye was:Y=-2.21+0.459 X3+10.572 X4-0.069 X5+0.766 X6+0.924 X7+0.264 X9-1.78 X12+7.235 X13+4.917 X14+5.148 X15;P=exp(Y)/[1+exp(Y)].The P value meant the probability of suffering dry eye.·CONCLUSION:Our data showed that multivariate ocular factors might play a role in the development of dry eye.The clinical features of dry eye are significant for the diagnosis,and it can be predicted by using the suitable logistic predictable equation.

Abstract:AIM:To investigate the quality of life (QL) of dry eye patients with sjgren syndrome ( SS ).·METHODS:A total of 42 SS patients with dry eye were surveyed by using SF-36 and SQOL-DVI.·RESULTS:For SS dry eye patients,total QL related to health decreased,especially on role limitation due to physical problem (RP),role limitation due to emotional problem(RE),general health (GH) and social functioning (SF) of SF-36.So did in SQOL-DVI.·CONCLUSION:Compared to other types of dry eye,QL of SS dry eye reduced obviously.Clinical physicians should pay much attention to the social psychology conditions of SS dry eye patients and the related treat-ments,treat individually according to the cause,then provide the basis for evaluating the effects of different treatments on QL of patients with SS dry eye.

Abstract:AIM:To analyze the relationship between asthenopia and range of fusion after laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK) in myopia patients,and to provide another evidence for the diagnosis of visual fatigue,and expect to provide new ideas for the treatment of asthenopia.·METHODS:Totally 60 myopia cases (120 eyes),whose diopter was from-1.50D to-8.00D,were determined the ratio of fusion range and AC/A by synoptophore and refracted by autorefractor and phoropter.Myd rin was used to disperse pupil then,refraction was performed again by autorefractor and phoropter before LASIK,1 week and 1 month after LASIK and visual fatigue questionnaire survey was conducted.The results were statistically analyzed.·RESULTS:There were 54 cases of postoperative occurr-ed visual fatigue symptoms in 60 patients.The discre-pancy of spherical equivalecce(SE) was significant different between large pupil and normal pupil 1 week,1 month after operation (P<0.01),all SE diminished.The discrepancy of SE 1 week,1 month after operation was significantly larger than that before operation (P<0.05).The fusion range 1 week,1 month after operation were lower than the preoperative one respectively,the result had significant difference (P<0.05).The radio of AC/A 1 week after operation was larger than the preoperative one,and the radio of AC/A 1 month after operation was lower than the preoperative one,the result had significant difference (P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:The accommodation of the myopia eyes increases and the convergence diminishes after LASIK.The imbalance of accommodation and convergence is an important factor in fatigue of patients after LASIK.This requires that we should take into account patient’s accommodation and convergence when we design surgery.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the clinical efficacy of Laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis(LASEK) treatment of moderate and high myopia.·METHODS:All 85 eyes of 46 patients with moderate to extremely high myopia were treated with LASEK and followed up for more than 6 months.These eyes were divided into Group I(-3.25～-6.00)D,Group II(-6.25～-10.00)D and Group III (-10.25～-12.9) D by spherical equivalent refraction.The main outcome measures were postopera-tive uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),best spectacle-corrected visual acuity(BSCVA),manifest refraction,tonometry and haze.·RESULTS:At 6 month postoperatively,the UCVA was 1.0 or better in 100%,78%,75% of eyes each group,respectively,and 0.5 or better in 100%,96%,88%;68.4%,58.0%,and 43.7%,respectively,were within ±1.00D of emmetropia;No eyes lost more than two lines of BSCVA;The mean spherical equivalent was (-0.38±0.66)D、(-0.77±1.25)D、(-1.25±1.97)D,respectively.At 6 month posto-peratively,eyes in group II and III developed varying degrees of haze and haze of all patients was under control at 2 grade below.·CONCLUSION:LASEK appeared to be an effective and safe treatment for correction of moderate to extremely high myopia.Haze and myopic regression were the main complications of LASEK for the treatment of high and extremely high myopia.Reducing the incidence of haze may have control on the rate of myopic regression.

Abstract:Through literature research,ophthalmologists summarize and analyze the study on pathogenesis of cataract,posterior capsule opacification mechanisms,drug prevention and surgical treatment and propose problems in cataract research and possible further research directions.With the development and penetration of modern medicine and traditional medicine,cataract research in our country has made some progress,and accumulated abundant research data,but there are still many problems which need to further explore and solve.

Abstract:Lens epithelial cell apoptosis is the cytological foundation of all kinds of cataract except congenital cataract.Accordingly,it is the key point to prevent and cure cataract.To study the gene regulation of apoptosis is an important method to know the mechanism of lens epithelial cell apoptosis.We summarize the research progress about gene regulation of lens epithelial cell apoptosis in this article.

Abstract:Traumatic macular hole is very common at clinical level as patients frequently complain about failing vision,photopsia,and so on.However great progress and development have been made in its diagnosis as well as treatment recently.And the process of spontaneous closure of macular hole has received wide acceptance and been emphasized through various studies.Nowadays,numerous new methods and treatments have been adopted,including follow-up survey,drugs,surgery etc.Generally,it is recommended that on the basis of perfecting interrelated tests(OCT and etc.),patients should be treated by surgery as the major choice according to individual condition.

Abstract:Meibomian gland carcinoma is a malignant tumor that arises from meibomian glands.It is also the fourth most common malignant neoplasm of the eyelid.Historically,this neoplasm was notorious for masquerading as other benign and less malignant lesions,resulting in delays in diagnosis and treatment.Because these tumors can behave in an aggressive manner,local recurrence and regional lymph node metastasis are common.These factors create difficulties for the early detection and diagnosis.Although based on surgery,cryotherapy,radiation therapy,supplemented by a comprehensive treatment of meibomian gland carcinoma is still the first choice,but with improvements in surgery and radiotherapy methods,meibomian gland carcinoma-related gene discovery,local use of chemotherapy drugs have become possible,as well as the emergence of photodynamic therapy and so on for the treatment of meibomian gland carcinoma has created endless possibilities.This article makes a brief overview of the recent advances on treatment of meibomian gland carcinoma.

Abstract:Myopia is the most common visual problem in the world,especially in younger patients,which may associate with various adverse effects even cause legal blindness.Due to these reasons,it is necessary to study and review the complex myopic etiology which is useful to prevent formation and progress of myopia.

Abstract:Visual loss causes different degrees of pain and loss to patients,and also gives a heavy load to family and society,so it is important to prevent visual loss.The prevention of visual loss is not only a part of public health undertaking,but also an important component of Ophthalmology.Generally speaking,vision rehabilitation is the main job for all the ophthalmologists.Epidemiology survey of visual loss mainly includes the research of the cause and the prevention method of diseases which cause visual loss,and to arrange and implement the prevention and cure of the vision loss.Now,the prevention of visual loss has become the main public healthy task in our country and in the world.

Abstract:AIM:To study the effects and application of improved small incision cataract extraction associated with intraocular lens(IOL) implantation.·METHODS:All 278 cases (278 eyes) between September and November in 2008 accepted improved small incision cataract extraction associated with IOL implantation.·RESULTS:All 278 cases (278 eyes) obtained obviously improved vision.The rehabilitated rate of blindness reached 100%.·CONCLUSION:Improved small incision non-phacoemulsification cataract extraction associated with IOL implantation is effective,safe and economical.It can be popularized in blindness prevention and treatment in basic hospitals.

Abstract:AIM:To look back and analyse clinical effect of free cataract operation on poor cataract patients by Fuming No.9 car of Hubei Province staying in Xiantao for 25 days.·METHODS:The poor cataract patients who were strictly selected and suitable to operation were performed small incision non-phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation.·RESULTS:The 270 eyes’ post-operation vision in our group:1.2 (2 eyes),1.0 (25 eyes),0.8 (21 eyes),0.6 (48 eyes),0.5 (33 eyes),0.4 (33 eyes),totally 162 eyes and account for 60.00%.Low vision:second low vision 0.3 (46 eyes),0.2 (33 eyes),first low vision 0.1 (4 eyes),0.09-0.05 (2 eyes),totally 85 eyes and account for 31.48%.Blindness:second blindness 0.04-0.02 (15 eyes),first blindness (8 eyes),totally 23 eyes and account for 8.52%.Off-blind rate:91.48%.Off-remnant rate:77.03%.·CONCLUSION:Only through careful pre-operation selection,standard holding suitability,proficient operation skills and strictly controlling infection,can the quality of mass operation be guaranteed in operation car in a short time.However,the high and low of off-blind rate and off-remnant rate are primarily decided by the composite factors of patients themselves.

Abstract:AIM:To provide evidence for Evidence-Based Medicine on clinical treatment of corneal ulcers by analyzing the clinical efficacy between amniotic membrane transplantation and conjunctival flap covering surgery,in addition,to explore the different surgical adaptabilities for each treatment of corneal ulcers.·METHODS:This retrospective review comprised 46 cases of hospitalized corneal ulcers patients (47eyes) who had amniotic membrane transplantation or conjunctival flap covering surgery from October 2004 to July 2009,including 13 cases 14 eyes with viral corneal ulcer,19 cases 19 eyes with fungal corneal ulcer,7 cases 7 eyes with bacterial corneal ulcer,3 cases 3 eyes with erosion and marginal corneal ulcer,2 cases 2 eyes with sterile inflammatory corneal ulcer,2 cases 2 eyes with corneal epithelial bullae and ulcers for corneal endothelial decompensation caused by optical surgery,9 cases 9 eyes with perforation.All the patients were treated with removal of the necrotic corneal tissue combined with amniotic membrane transplantation or conjunctival flap covering surgery and then were treated with drugs based on primary disease.·RESULTS:We found 17 cases 18 eyes treated with amniotic membrane transplantation,29 cases 29 eyes treated with conjunctival flap covering surgery in which 2 cases 2 eyes had corneal transplantation there after.13 cases 14 eyes treated with amniotic membrane transplantation were cured,the cure rate was 78% (14/18);23 cases 23 eyes treated with conjunctival flap covering surgery were cured,the cure rate was 79% (23/29);the clinical cure rates between them were of no significant difference(P>0.05).·CONCLUSION:Amniotic membrane transplantation and conjunctival flap covering surgery in the treatment of corneal ulcers can achieve better surgical treatment if appropriate surgical method is selected according to different types and different ulcer process.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of modified sound speed for the measurement of eye axis and the power of intraocular lens(IOL) in silicone oil-filled eye.·METHODS:Twenty-four cases with cataract after silicone oil tamponade from 2003 to 2008 in our hospital were included.The eye axis length were measured with A-ultrasonic scan and calculated by the sound speed modified formula.The power of IOL were then calculated through SRK II formula.All cases underwent the operation of silicone oil removal combined with phacoemulsification and IOL implantation.3 months after surgery all eyes were reexamined and the actual axial length were again measured.The eye axis length and the refraction state were compared before and after the operation.·RESULTS:The eye axis length was 25.25±0.65mm before silicone oil tamponade and 24.80±0.67mm after the operation.And the postoperative eye axis length measurements showed no statistical significance compared with the preoperative measurement.The mean difference of the refraction state before and after the operation was 1.50±0.40D,and the difference was not significant.·CONCLUSION:Eye axis lens measurement with A-ultrasonic scan by modified sound speed shows better clinical practicability in silicone oil-filled eyes than traditional manual counting method.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the clinical effect of phacoemulsification combined with Tecnis foldable lenses.·METHODS:All 205 patients (289 eyes)who had been implanted Tecnis foldable lenses were included in this study and their visual acuity,position of lenses and complications after operation were observed.·RESULTS:Three months after surgery,the average visual acuity was 4.58±0.12,and the best corrected visual acuity was 5.12±0.16.There were 22 eyes with posterior capsular blur.·CONCLUSIONS:Tecnis foldable lenses can reduce spherical aberration and improve ocular quality of pseudophakic patients.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of implantation of ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens(IOL).·METHODS:The study included 41 cases (60 eyes)of patients with cataract who received phacoemulsification with ReSTOR multifocal IOL implantation.Visual acuity,corneal astigmatism,contrast sensitivity,operative complications,spectacles independence,patient satisfaction and untoward visual symptoms were observed.The follow-up period was 3 to 6 months.·RESULTS:At 3 months after implantation,the average uncorrected distant visual acuity was 0.80±0.25 while the average near visual acuity was 0.86±0.20.There was no statistically significant difference between the preoperative corneal astigmatism and corneal astigmatism at 3 months after the operation.Contrast sensitivity in low and middle space frequency were all in the normal range,slightly declined in 2 eyes.The rate of off-glasses was 86% (33 cases).·CONCLUSION:ReSTOR diffractive multifocal IOL can offer a better near and far eyesight.And 86% of the patients can take off their glasses.

Abstract:AIM:To determine capsulotomic locus of continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis in cataract surgery.·METHODS:Various types of 40 age-related cataract eyes were performed continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis and the capsulotomic locus was obtained.·RESULTS:Thirty-seven eyes of 40 eyes(92.5%) were implemented continuous curvilinear capsulotomy successfully.The other 3 eyes were performed the operation with can opener capsulectomy because crystalline lens dilation and diffluence in 1 eye and crystalline lens peplos fibrous degeneration in 2 eyes.·CONCLUSION:Capsulotomic locus of continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis in cataract surgery can be found.

Abstract:AIM:To investigate the effects of comprehensive perioperative treatment on patients with both glaucoma and cataract.·METHODS:Small-incision manual nuclear fragmentation cataract extraction with implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) combined with trabeculectomy was performed on 79 eyes of 65 cases under topical anesthesia.The anesthesia effect was evaluated.The data of the postoperative vision,the intraocular pressure(IOP) and the count of the corneal endothelial cells were analyzed.·RESULTS:There were 97.5% patients satisfied with the anesthesia effect.All patients got improved vision and had steady IOP.The average loss of the count of corneal endothelial cells was 6.9%.·CONCLUSION:It was effective and safe to perform small-incision manual nuclear fragmentation cataract extraction with implantation of posterior chamber IOL combined with trabeculectomy on patients with both glaucoma and cataract under topical anesthesia.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the surgical selection and its effect on glaucoma complicated with cataract.·METHODS:Seventy-two eyes with coexisting glaucoma and cataract underwent trabeculectomy,phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.Visual acuity,intraocular pressure(IOP),filtration state and postoperative complications were observed.·RESULTS:The visual acuity of 72 eyes improved quickly and remarkably.The postoperative IOP was normal.3 months and 18 months after surgery,the mean IOP was 15.30±2.64mmHg and 16.72±2.30mmHg respectively.72 eyes didn’t occur with serious complications.·CONCLUSION:Trabeculectomy combined with phacoemulsification and IOL implantation could control IOP effectively and improve visual acuity quickly and remarkably.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of phacoemulsification on uveitis-complicated cataract.·METHODS:Clinical data from forty-eight eyes of 40 cases with uveitis-complicated cataract were retrospectively analyzed.·RESULTS:The visual acuity of 44 eyes (92%) improved two weeks after surgery.The posterior capsule ruptured in 5 eyes (10%) and tridemia occurred in 6 eyes (13%) during surgery.Corneal edema occurred in 38 eyes (79%) the second day after surgery.Fibrous exudates in anterior chamber were found in 43 eyes (90%) after surgery.Intraocular pressure elevated in 5 eyes (10%) postoperatively.Twelve eyes (25%) had irregular-shape pupil.·CONCLUSION:Although there are more complications during and after the surgery,phacoemulsification is still a safe and effective way to treat uveitis-complicated cataract.

Abstract:AIM:To investigate the clinical results of phacoemulsifi-cation in the management of acute-closure glaucoma with continuous high intraocular pressure.·METHODS:The phacoemulsification operations were performed in 31 case 31 eyes of acuteangle-closure glau-coma and cataract under higher intraocular pressure.The postoperative follow up was 6months to 2 years,and the vision and complications were observed.·RESULTS:The visual acuity of all cases was improved,the corrected visual acuity in 2 eyes(6%) was under 0.1,8 eyes (26%) between 0.1 and 0.2,15 eyes(48%) between 0.3 and 0.6,6 eyes(19%) between 0.8 and 1.0.The postoperative intraocular pressure remained normal in all eyes after one week.No serious complications such as choroidal hemorrhage,intraocular hemorrhage and malignant glaucoma were found.·CONCLUSION:The phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in the management of acuteangle-closure glaucoma under higher intraocular pressure is safe and efficient.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the application value of a capsular tension ring (CTR) in high myopia cataract surgery associated with low diopter intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.·METHODS:Five hundred and forty-nine eyes of 427 patients with high myopia cataract had an implantation of a CTR during phacoemulsification associated with IOL implantation surgery.During 3-18 months’ follow-up,visual acuity,intraocular pressure (IOP) and the anterior segment of eyes were measured by slit-lamp microscope.·RESULTS:No IOL decentration was found.Postoperative visual acuity with correction greater than 0.8 in 43 eyes,0.6-0.8 in 118 eyes,0.5 in 89 eyes,0.4 in 101 eyes,0.3 in 66 eyes,0.2 in 80 eyes,less than 0.2 in 52 eyes at 3 months postoperatively.IOP of 549 eyes was 3-47mmHg at first day postoperatively,increase of IOP was found at 179 eyes only for a short time.CTR was removed from intraocular in 1 cases due to IOP increase beyond control.Retinal detachment was found in 2 cases at 18 months postoperatively.YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in 5 cases was performed due to posterior capsular opacity.·CONCLUSION:In eyes with either zonular dehiscence or weakness,application of CTR in high myopia cataract surgery associated with low diopter IOL implantation operation can prevent zonular dehiscence and IOL decentration and tilt,and may lead to prevent posterior capsular opacity and retinal detachment.

Abstract:AIM:To analyze the effects of application of mitomycin C(MMC) and adjustable suture line on the trabeculectomy.·METHODS:Analysis of 65 eyes of 65 glaucoma cases was conducted.MMC and adjustable suture line were used in the trabeculectomy.The patients were visited for 3 months to 1 year and the eye pressure before and after operation,incisal opening anastomosis,anterior chamber formation,filtering bleb and complication after operation were observed.·RESULTS:Anterior chamber formed in 63 eye (96.9%) one day after operation,with grade Ⅰ shallow anterior chamber in 1 eye (1.5%),grade Ⅱshallow anterior chamber in 1 eye (1.5%).During the 7th day to 10th day after operation,the average eye pressure was 13.6mmHg,14.9mmHg after 6 months and 16.7mmHg after one year.All the eyesight of the patients kept unchanged before and after the operation or improved slightly,and the filtering bleb formed.The adjustable suture line could be taken out of the wound according to the eye pressure,anterior chamber and its filtering within one to two weeks after operation.It is necessary to massage the eye balls to help to form the filtering.In this case the eye pressure could be dropped to 2-8mmHg.·CONCLUSION:The adjustable suture line and MMC on trabeculectomy could be safely applied and the complication obviously is decreased.It can be applied in the grass-roots level hospitals because of its remarkable curative effect and simple operation.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the optical imaging features of the elderly central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).·METHODS:The clinical data of 17 cases (18 eyes) of elderly patients with CSC diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA),indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were analyzed retrospectively during Jan.2008-Jun.2009.·RESULTS:The elderly patients had the same FFA,ICGA and OCT changes with the middle-aged patients with CSC,but also had some of its own characteristic changes.(1)The FFA found the rate of the typical RPE leakage form such as "smoke "or" ink stain " was seldom,only 39%.The other 11 eyes(61%) showed diffuse retinal pigment epithelial lesion;(2)The ICGA found there were some other changes which differentiated from the CSC,such as the serous pigment epithelium detachment (PED),polyp-like choriodal vessel dilation,and choriocapillaris atrophy;(3) The (Fourier Domain) FD-OCT also found some other changes besides the CSC lesions,including nodular eminence of the RPE layer corresponding to drusen,multifocal retinal atrophy,and the (inner and outer segment) IS/OS layer atrophy partly.·CONCLUSION:The elderly patients with CSC has complex changes in optical imaging,and it can be easily confused with age-related macular degeneration.The FFA and ICGA combined with OCT examination are helpful for diagnosis.

Abstract:AIM:To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of acute retinal necrosis syndrome (ARNS).·METHODS:The manifestation,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of 64 eyes in 56 cases of ARNS from Jan.2003 to Jan.2009 were retrospectively analyzed.·RESULTS:After treatment,visual acuity improved in 37 eyes (58%).Final visual acuity was lower than 0.05 in 23 eyes (36%).Signs were controlled in 58 eyes (91%).·CONCLUSION:The diagnosis of ARNS should be mainly based on clinical manifestation,fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).Early and sufficient treatment with antiviral agents,corticosteroid and prophylactic laser photocoagulation,sometimes vitrectomy are necessary to control the disease.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the characteristics and clinical significance of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) with visual evoked potential (VEP) and electroretinogram (ERG) after ocular contusion.·METHODS:Forty-two eyes were examined with the FFA,VEP and ERG methods.·RESULTS:In FFA examination,retinal concussion was found in 16 eyes(38.0%),retinal contusion in 9 eyes(21.4%),optic nerve injury in 22 eyes(52.3%),macular hole in 2 eyes (4.7%),choroidal rupture in 7 eyes (9.7%).In Visual electrophysiological examination,32 eyes (76.1%) had contusion-caused a,b-wave amplitude decrease in flash ERG examination,the P wave latency delayed and amplitude decreased evidently in flash VEP examination of 26 eyes (61.9%) of the vision below 0.1.·CONCLUSION:FFA combined with electrophysiological analysis of visual eye can evaluate the optic nerve and whole retinal function reliably and objectively.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the results of different surgical methods in treatment of 11 patients with oculomotor nerve palsy.·METHODS:Eleven patients were carefully examined before surgery.The operative method was selected according to the individual condition of the patient.The effects of surgery were evaluated by the primary position of eye and the motility of eyeball after operation.·RESULTS:Eleven patients underwent external strabismus surgery,including 9 patients underwent strabismus surgery combined with ptosis surgery,all patients achieved satisfactory results.·CONCLUSION:The careful and complete examination before surgery is important for treatment of ocular nerve palsy.·

Abstract:AIM:To investigate the treatment of the congenital malformations of small eyeball and small palpebral fissure.·METHODS:Eleven eyes(11 cases) of congenital malformation who accepted the surgical treatment including conjunctival flap covering the entire cornea,outer canthal expanding,and conjunctival sac forming were retrospective analyzed.·RESULTS:In 11 cases,9 cases were able to successfully wear the pre-selected artificial eyes after 4 weeks,the conjunctival flap failed to heal in 2 cases,but after 6 weeks of treatment,they healed to wear artificial eyes.During the follow-up of 2-21 months,4 cases were replaced with larger models of artificial eyes.All cases could easily wear artificial eyes without palpebral fissure retraction,the corneal coverage was intact,no kenspeckle irritation with artificial eyes,and the appearance were obviously improved.·CONCLUSION:The surgical method of covering cornea,expanding outer canthus,and conjunctival sac forming,has the advantages of satisfactory appearance,minor trauma,fewer complications,less pain and low cost,and is worthy promotion.

Abstract:AIM:To analyze that appropriate primary suture is the best way to reduce the late complications of eyelid kaceration.·METHODS:Two hundred and thirty-six cases of mechanical eyelid kaceration.·RESULTS:All of the 236 cases are primary healing.After the surgery,4 patients have mild reclinatio palpebrarum,1 patient has mild trichoma.·CONCLUSION:Recovering the functions of eyelid is to thoroughly understand the eyelid anatomy,operate the eyelid carefully about the anatomic compartments,possibly keep the original tissue,reduce the tissue defect,deal with the details carefully,stitch laminated meticulously,decrease forming scars,refound the normal anatomic relation.Those are the key of successful primary treatment.

Abstract:AIM:To investigate the effects of progressive addition lenses(PAL) on visual display terminal (VDT) operators visual fatigue.·METHODS:Nienty-eight VDT operators who had ametropia and visual fatigue were collected between Aug.2008 and Aug.2009 and divided voluntarily into two groups,single vision lenses (SVL) group with 52 patients and PAL group with 46 patients,the refraction condition and treatment effect of the two groups were analyzed in one year’s follow-up.·RESULTS:Of the 98 patients,44 patients couldn’t have their refraction errors corrected.Significant difference was found between SVL and PAL group in the symptoms like blur and swell (P<0.01),however,no difference was found between SVL and PAL groups in the symptoms like eye pain,dryness,eyelid heaviness.·CONCLUSION:Compared with SVL,PAL had an active clinical effect on relieving visual fatigue for lower and middle myopes.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the visual acuity and refractive condition of some elderly people over 70 years of age.·METHODS:An examination was done under standard lighting for the distance visual activity and a complete ocular examination was performed in 472 eyes.Then refractive condition was examined and the vision was checked.·RESULTS:There were 468 ametropic eyes in the whole group(99.2%).Most of them were myopia and the proportion of myopia increased with age.There were 415 (87.9%)astigmatism eyes and there were a total of 172(36.4%) myopic astigmatism eyes which had the largest proportion of the whole group.Hyperopia astigmatism were more in the 70-80 age group while myopic astigmatism while more over 80 years old.The degree of the hyperopia astigmatism eye were mainly between 0.50D to 1.00D when it was mainly between 1.25D to 2.00D in the myopic astigmatism eyes.The rectification of vision in various age had a satisfactory improvement.·CONCLUSION:Because of the age-related changes of eyelid and cataract the eyes have a trend to be myopic astigmatism,which is the most common cause that affects the vision of the elderly people.Regular check on the condition of refraction of the eyes of aged people should be one part of the regular examination and refractive error correction can improve the quality of daily life for elderly people.

Abstract:AIM:To observe and analyse the visual acuity and refraction state of the preterm infants.·METHODS:To observe the visual acuity and static refraction of the 156 preterm infants(312 eyes) 4 to 6 years old and record the results.·RESULTS:The clinical data of 156 preterm infants(312 eyes)were observed,76.3% is hypermetropia(238 eyes),4.8% is myopia(15 eyes),9.0% is astigmatism(28 eyes),9.9% is emmetropia(31 eyes),physiological hypermetropia is the largest type.With the increasing of age,the percentage of hypermetropia goes down,the percentage of emmetropia and myopia goes up,and the percentage of emmetropia increases obviously.·CONCLUSION:The refraction state and visual acuity growth of preterm infants is close to that of normal infants,with the increasing of age,it shows the trend that the refraction state develops from hypermetropia to emmetropia or myopia.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the effect of posterior scleral implantation surgery to treat pathologic myopia with the fibers of artificial pericardium.·METHODS:Fifty-six patients (102 eyes)with pathologic myopia were treated with posterior scleral implantation surgery with the fibers of artificial pericardium and were followed up for 1 year after the operation.·RESULTS:The preoperative mean axial length was 28.83±3.12mm.The postoperative axial length was 28.71±3.14mm at 1 day,28.76±3.22mm at 1 month,28.84±3.17mm at 6 months,and 28.88±3.31mm at 1 year.There were no statistically significant differences between preoperative and postoperative axial length (P>0.05).The preoperative mean refraction(spherical equivalent,SE)was-17.42±6.71 diopters (D).The postoperative SE was-17.31±6.51D at 1 day,-17.43±6.42D at 1 month,-17.35±6.62D at 6months,and-17.34±6.72D at 1 year.There were no statistically significant differences between preoperative and postoperative diopters (P>0.05).Differences between best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)before and after surgery were not statistically significant.The postoperative BCVA were improved in 97 eye (95.1%),stable in 4 eyes(3.9%),and only 1 eye’s visual acuity(1.0%) was impaired.6 eyes’ intraocular pressure was heightened,and then quickly controlled with medicine.No other serious complications were observed.·CONCLUSION:This study indicates that posterior scleral implantation surgery with the fibers of artificial pericardium as the strengthened materials can effectively control eye’s axial length of pathologic myopia,stabilize the progression of diopters and improve eyesight.Meantime,there are not serious complications.

Abstract:AIM:To measure and compare the difference of multifocal electroretinogram between normal subjects and patients with myopia.·METHODS:Twenty-two cases(44 eyes) of normal subjects and twenty-four cases (48 eyes) with myopia were tested with VERIS Science 4.2 made by EDI company of America.All trace grouping waveform and six ring average response were determined.We studied the differences of response densities and latencies between normal and myopic groups.·RESULTS:The response densities of all trace grouping waveform and six ring average response in myopia were decreased while the latencies were not changed.·CONCLUSION:The response densities of multifocal electroretinogram in myopic eyes were reduced and resulted predominantly from retinal receptors function loss.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the clinical effect of wavefront aberration and iris location guided epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis( EPI-LASIK )for high myopia.·METHODS:Fifty-four patients(108 eyes)with corneal high myopia were randomly divided into wavefront aberration and iris location guided EPI-LASIK group of twenty-nine patients (58 eyes)and conventional EPI-LASIK group of twenty-five patients (50 eyes).The uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),refractions,vision quality and high-order aberration value were analyzed during the postoperative follow-up.·RESULTS:At 6th month postoperatively,there was no significant diference of the UCVA (P>0.05)between two groups;The postoperative UCVA of all eyes was satisfied,gained over 2 line of best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) in wavefront guided group and gained over 2 line of BCVA in conventional group,there was significant diference between the two group(P<0.01);The postoperative refractions,vision quality was statistically different between the conventional group and wavefront guided group(P<0.05);there was significant difference in the postoperative high-order aberration between the two groups(P<0.01).·CONCLUSION:The wavefront aberration and iris location guided EPI-LASIK in some field is better than conventional EPI-LASIK for the treatment of high myopia.·

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) treatment of pterygium.·METHODS:Thirteen eyes of pterygium from 12 cases underwent excimer laser cutting combined with pterygium excision.Wound healing and relapse rate were observed during the postoperative follow-up of 6 months.·RESULTS:There was no recurrence in the 12 cases of pterygium.·CONCLUSION:Excimer laser PTK for the treatment of pterygium is an effective surgical method.·

Abstract:AIM:To discuss the treatment of traumatic corneal flap dislpacemeat after laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK).·METHODS:All the 11 patients with taumatic corneal flap dislpacemeat were re-positioned.Irrigation was applied on stromal bed and sub-flap.·RESULTS:Nine eyes regained vision of 0.6-1.0 after 1 week,1 eye regained vision of 0.8 after 8 months for traumatic hypema,secondary glaucoma,and commotio retinae.1 eye regained vision of 0.6 after 1 month for burn from lime.No epithelial ingrowth or corneal melting etc occurred.·CONCLUSION:Proper and prompt re-position of traumatic corneal flap can regain vision.·

Abstract:AIM:To appraise the curative effect of prophylactic retinal laser photocoagulation before laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) for medium and high myopia.·METHODS:Mydrin eye-liquid was used to disperse pupils in 279 patients (551 eyes) with medium and high myopia before LASEK.Eyeground was examined carefully with 90D slit-light preset lens or three-mirror lens.It’s found that there’s obvious retinal degeneration in 18 cases of 26 eyes with grid style degeneration,snail style degeneration,bursa style degeneration and so on,or dry retinal hole at the same time.Double Nd∶YAG 532nm was used to perform laser treatment,and LASEK to correct myopia.·RESULTS:Preventive double Nd∶YAG 532nm was used to cure 18 cases of 26 eyes,after laser photocoagulation,the retinal degeneration and dry hole area have well-closed situation,the pigment patch formed obviously.6-18 months after LASEK surgery,there is no retinal detachment with random visits.·CONCLUSION:As for the eyes with obvious retinal degeneration or (with) dry retinal hole,prophylactic double Nd∶YAG 532nm laser photocoagulation surgery and choice of LASEK surgery to correct myopia are very important measures to prevent the occurrence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after excimer laser correction of myopia.

Abstract:AIM:To search the effect of synthesis treatment for children amblyopia of different ages.·METHODS:A total of 347 eyes of 196 children were conducted the comprehensive therapy.Retinoscopy optometry was conducted after mydriasis by 10g/L Atropine on amblyopia children aged 3 to 11 years,retinoscopy optometry was conducted after mydriasis by compound tropicamide on amblyopia children aged over 11 years,and then the comprehensive amblyopia therapy was conducted to those who fitted for eyeglasses after re-examined.·RESULTS:The basic amblyopia cure rate was 70.0% by the comparison between amblyopia degree and curative effect in this group.The basic amblyopia cure rate was 75.5% by the comparison between the age of amblyopia children and curative effect.The basic amblyopia cure rate was 78.4% by the comparison between refractive status and curative effect.The basic amblyopia cure rate was 61.4% by the comparison between adherence to treatment time and curative effect.·CONCLUSION:The curative effect of the synthesis treatment has a close relationship with the amblyopia type,degree,age and adherence to treatment time.The earlier it begins,the lighter the amblyopia degree is,the longer the adherence to treatment time is,the better the curative effect would be.

Abstract:AIM:To investigate the current situation of the preschool children’s visual acuity and refraction,to provide information for the prevention and treatment of the ametropia.·METHODS:A sample of 2776 children(5552 eyes,3 to 6 years old) were selected randomly.4-6 years old children were examined by the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart.3 years old children were examined by symbols chart.Refrangibility was detected using Suresight hand-held refractometer.·RESULTS:The ratio of subnormal visual acuity was 12.64%.The subnormal rate increased gradually as the age increasing and the rate of the five years old group was the highest.In cases with normal visual acuity,most of hypermetropia and astigmatism were mild.Moderate hypermetropia and middle astigmatism (>1.50D) were 1.79% and 3.61% respectively.In cases with subnormal visual acuity,myopia(3.18%),moderate hypermetropia(4.49%),middle astigmatism(22.47%) and mixed astigmatism(11.05%) were increased.·CONCLUSION:Visual acuity and refraction are very important in children’s eye care.It is necessary to check the preschool children’s visual acuity and refraction,so as to find latent problems,and to prospect the developmental trend and offer evidences for early intervention.

Abstract:To observe clinical effects of the amniotic membrane transplantation combined with autologous serum and Natamycin treatment of fungal corneal ulcer. METHODS: Cropsand plantcaused 80 cases of fungal corneal ulcer (80 eyes) were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 40 cases in each group, the treatment group was added with autologous serum. Corneal wound healing and corneal scar formation was observed in two groups. All patients underwent surgical debridement of ulcers and necrosis of the corneal tissue lesions under a microscope.Ruiji biological (8mm×10mm amniotic membrane) base membrane surface patching was taken on the ulcer surface, and (10mm×15mm) larger biological amniotic membrane was taken to cover it. They were sutured with 100 Nylon lines. The treatment group was added by subconjunctival autologous serum injection after surgery. RESULTS: All 69 eyes of 69 cases had local wound healed. Treatment group was better than the control group at corneal scar formation and average visual acuity 6 months after surgery The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Multilayer amniotic membrane transplantation plus subconjunctival injection of autologous serum treatment of fungal corneal ulcer is good

Abstract:CONCLUSION: Multilayer amniotic membrane transplantation plus subconjunctival injection of autologous serum treatment of fungal corneal ulcer is good

Abstract:AIM:To analyze the natural course of acute angle-closure glaucoma and to explore the effect factors of vision and personalized treatment.·METHODS:Clinical data of 205 cases of acute angle-closure glaucoma patients,including current medical history,preoperative examination,timing of surgical treatment,surgical options and post-operative complications of treatment,discharge and impact of visual factors,follow-up data were retrospectively analyzed.·RESULTS:The information collected from 205 cases,with seven cases of drug treatment,198 cases of surgical treatment (96.6%).Of the 198 cases of surgical eyes,vision decreased at discharge in 108 cases (54.6%),remained the same in 42 cases (21.2%),improved in 48 cases (24.2%);7 cases of the eyes without surgery remained unchanged in 6 cases,1 case improved.There were 101 cases of complicated cataract,89 cases of iris atrophy and fixed mydriasis.·CONCLUSION:The acute angle-closure glaucoma is a group of relatively independent anterior segment syndrome,in addition to optic nerve damage,interstitial damage of the high intraocular pressure,such as cornea,iris,and lens,is also an important reason for decreased vision.Acute angle-closure glaucoma treatment should be different for different patients,with the phased implementation of personalized treatment.

Abstract:AIM:To evaluate the effects and complications of diabetic patient with anti-superciliary arch sclera flap intraocular lens(IOL) implantation.·METHODS:Twenty-six cases(28 eyes) with diabetics of cataract received anti-superciliary arch sclera flap IOL implantion.·RESULTS:The visual acuity of 26 cases (28 eyes) had varied degree after cataract surgery,among them for better than 0.3 up to 64.3%.Complications included:suspensory ligament rupture in 1 eye,posterior capsular rupture in 2 eyes,corneal epithelial edema and endothelial folds in 18 eyes,aqueous flare (+-++) in 20 eyes,hyphema in 2 eyes,IOP increased in three postoperative eyes.frbrin membranes formation within pupil zone in 3 eyes.·CONCLUSION:On the basis of strict control diabetic cataract can get satisfactory surgical treatment.To improve surgical skills and shorten the operation time can reduce complications.·

Abstract:AIM:To investigate the clinical effect of the operation using the hard palate mucosa graft on the repair of the posterior layer of the full-thickness eyelid defects combined with using the eye flap on the repair of the anterior layer of the full-thickness eyelid defects.·METHODS:Eight cases of full-thickness lower eyelid defects caused by tumor resection were reconstructed by transplanting the autologous palatal mucosa combined with eye flap.·RESULTS:Followed up for 8 months or more,all cases of hard palate mucosa graft and the transfer of eye flaps were survived.The appearance and function of the eyelid were all satisfactory to obtain good results.·CONCLUSION:The operation of palate mucosa transplantation combined with the eye flaps repairing the full-thickness lower eyelid defects can be a one-time repair of the defects of skin,tarsus and conjunctiva.The effect has a highly clinical value.·

Abstract:AIM:To discuss the mechanism,prevention and therapy of the scleral melting after pterygium excision with intraoperative application of mitomycin C(MMC).·METHODS:Seven patients with scleral melting after pterygium excision with MMC were examined and treated with topical drugs or surgery.·RESULTS:Neither history nor positive manifestation of immunological diseases were found by physical examination.But the ischemic,attenuating could be found at the tissue where the pterygium was excised,and the pigment tissue appeared in some patients,even the staphyloma had formed.The topical drugs and surgery were adopted according to the severity of melting.No recurrences were found during the follow-up.·CONCLUSION:To reduce the recurrences after the excision,the assistant treatment can be adopted.But the concentration and the duration of application should be considered,and the overdose of cauterization should be avoided to assure the enough blood supply at the wound.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the curative effect of the simple operation on pterygium and the operation on pterygium with the application Kenacort A and 20g/L Mitomycin.·METHODS:Seventy-two cases 80 eyes were divided randomly into two group with 36 cases each,namely group A:adopting the simple operation on pterygium and group B:adopting the operation on pterygium with the injection of about 0.2mL Kenacort A and 20g/L Mitomycin (1∶1)in the bulbar conjunctiva of the carunculae lacrimalis and after operations the epithelium cornea restoration,the new vessels of corneal limbus,the recidivation of pterygium were observed.·RESULTS:During 6-36 months’ postoperative follow-up,there were 14 eyes recidivated in group A,but only one in group B.·CONCLUSION:There is an obvious contrast in curative effect of the simple operation on pterygium and the operation on pterygium with the application of Kenacort A and 20g/L Mitomycin,the recurrence rate of the latter is much lower than the former and the latter prevents pterygium from recurring.In the mean time,this technique is simple and it is much safer for the patients.So it is worthy to advocate to ophthalmic surgery.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the limbal stem cell transplantation and amniotic membrane transplantation for treatment of pterygium.·METHODS:A total of 126 cases (142 eyes) with wing-shaped pterygium were randomly divided into A,B group,A group of 64 cases (72 eyes) underwent pterygium excision combined with limbal stem cell transplantation;B group of 62 cases (70 eyes) underwent pterygium excision with amniotic membrane transplantation.1 week,1 month,and 3 months after operation,the growth of grafts,corneal wound healing,corneal new blood tube and pterygium recurrence rate were observed and compared.Postoperative follow-up of 24 months.was conducted.·RESULTS:A and B groups conjunctiva epithelial healing time was (2.6±0.4) day and (3.2±0.7) day,the difference was significant (P<0.05);A group had 2 cases (2 eyes) with pterygium recurrence,the cure rate was 97.1%,the recurrence rate of 2.9%;B group had 9 cases(12 eyes) with pterygium recurrence,the cure rate was 81.8%,the recurrence rate of 18.2%;difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.003).·CONCLUSION:Self limbal stem cell transplantation and amniotic membrane transplantation can be effective in preventing the recurrence of pterygium,with advantages of less trauma,fast repair,mild postoperative symptoms and low recurrence rate.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the efficacy of pingyangmycin injection for treatment of pterygium.·METHODS:Pingyangmycin 8mg was added 8mL saline for later use.Patients were given aierkaiyin drops twice,using a 1mL syringe extracted the liquid 0.1mL with 20g/L lidocaine 0.1mL and dexamethasone 0.1mL which were piercd in the pterygium neck and body from 30° angle,then the conjunctivoplasty was washed using a prepared saline immediately at the end of injection (connected to the infusion) thoroughly.The treatment outcomes were observed and statistically analyzed.·RESULTS:In 74 eyes,47 eyes were cured (64%),26 eyes were effective (35%),1 eye was ineffective (1%).The total effective rate was 99%.·CONCLUSION:Pingyangmycin injection for treatment of pterygium has many advantages,such as economic,safe,effective and simple.So it is suitable for the primary promotion.

Abstract:To evaluate the clinical effect of the lacrimal canalicular anastomosis by using topic anesthetics under microscope. METHODS: The medial broken ends of the disrupted canaliculi of 21 cases 21 eyes were researched under microscope,and by using topic anesthetics, epidural catheters were used as supports for anastomosis. RESULTS: The anastomos was successful in 19 cases 19 eyes, and improved in 2 cases 2 eyes. CONCLUSION: All 21 cases of anastomosis were succeeded in the first time of operation, extubation was done 812 weeks postoperatively, and the followup ranged 624 months. The lacrimal canalicular anastomosis is safe and effective by using topic anesthetics, and the clinical effect of the operation is good and worthy of being spread.

Abstract:AIM:To observe the clinical effects of using "Y"-shape kieselgel tube flyback embedding to treat obstruction of lacrimal passages.·METHODS:All 380 patients(428 eyes) with obstruction of lacrimal passages were treated with "Y"-shape kieselgel tube stent flyback embedding.Clinical effects were analyzed after the patients were observed for 4 weeks-6 months.·RESULTS:All 380 patients lacrimal passages(428 eyes)were unobstructed when the "Y"-shape kieselgel tubes were removed,the symptom of epiphora vanished or improved obviously.342 patients (388 eyes) were observed for 4 weeks-6 months,the cure and effective rate were 90.7% and 98.7%,the relapse rate was 1.3%.·CONCLUSION:The way of using "Y"-shape kieselgel tube stent flyback embedding to treat obstruction of lacrimal passages is simple,economical,safe and effective.

Abstract:AIM:To investigate the surgery of trephining and shaping on the lacrimal passages in the treatment of chronic dacryocystitis.·METHODS:Lacrimal passages former was used for 37 cases (38 eyes) who suffered from chronic dacryocystitis,and detained for 3 months with regular wash of lacrimal passages and drugs.The follow-up time was 3 to 15 months,the mean time was 10 months.·RESULTS:After sugery,34(89%)eyes were healed and 3 eyes (8%) were unobstructed but not smooth and 1 eye (3%) was ineffective.·CONCLUSION:Former for only one time shaping on the lacrimal passages is an easy,safe and nontraumatizing procedure for chronic dacryocystitis.

Abstract:AIM:To analyze the predominant bacteria changes in patients with chronic dacryocystitis and antibiotic sensitivity.·METHODS:Material of lacrimal secretion in 40 cases of patients with chronic dacryocystitis was sampled for bacterial culture,isolation,identification and drug sensitivity test.·RESULTS:Of the 40 cases of chronic dacryocystitis patients with lacrimal secretion culture,39 cases were positive,a total of 50 strains positive bacteria were isolated.There were 27 strains of G+ cocci (54%) with 22 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis (44%) and G-bacilli 14 strains(28%).Staphylococcus epidermidis sensitive to rifampin was 91%,levofloxacin 66% and ofloxacin 60%.·CONCLUSION:G+ cocci is the main bacteria of chronic dacryocystitis including Staphylococcus epidermidis as the predominant bacteria.We should pay attention to the new uses of old drugs,and changes in first-line drug resistance,combination with drug sensitivity results for reasonable selection of antibiotics.

Abstract:Abstract AIM: To discuss the relation of the change of intraocular tension and corneal thickness after LASIK. METHODS:Intraocular tension and corneal thickness of the 104 cases (201 eyes) preLASIK and postLASIK were examined, the linear correlation of the change of intraocular tension and corneal thickness was turned out,and regression equation was calculated. Statistical significance of regression equation was detected with F，t analysis. RESULTS: The coefficient correlation of the change of intraocular tension and corneal thickness was R=0.469，R 2=0.220，regression equation was Y=3.503+0.043X，F=8448，t=2.906，P=0.007. CONCLUSION:The change of intraocular tension and corneal thickness has linear correlation.When corneal thickness changes ,the value of intraocular tension changes correspondingly.