A hypothesis for treating inflammation and oxidative stress with hydrogen sulfide during age-related macular degeneration
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Mahavir Singh. Eye and Vision Science Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA. mahavir.singh@louisville.edu; gene2genetics@gmail.com

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Supported in part by NIH Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (No.HLO74815); Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (No.NS-084823).

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    Abstract:

    Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness and is becoming a global crisis since affected people will increase to 288 million by 2040. Genetics, age, diabetes, gender, obesity, hypertension, race, hyperopia, iris-color, smoking, sun-light and pyroptosis have varying roles in AMD, but oxidative stress-induced inflammation remains a significant driver of pathobiology. Eye is a unique organ as it contains a remarkable oxygen-gradient that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) which upregulates inflammatory pathways. ROS becomes a source of functional and morphological impairments in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), endothelial cells and retinal ganglion cells. Reports demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) acts as a signaling molecule and that it may treat ailments. Therefore, we propose a novel hypothesis that H2S may restore homeostasis in the eyes thereby reducing damage caused by oxidative injury and inflammation. Since H2S has been shown to be a powerful antioxidant because of its free-radicals’ inhibition properties in addition to its beneficial effects in age-related conditions, therefore, patients may benefit from H2S salubrious effects not only by minimizing their oxidant and inflammatory injuries to retina but also by lowering retinal glutamate excitotoxicity.

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Akash K George, Mahavir Singh, Rubens Petit Homme, et al. A hypothesis for treating inflammation and oxidative stress with hydrogen sulfide during age-related macular degeneration. Int J Ophthalmol, 2018,11(5):881-887

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History
  • Received:November 23,2017
  • Revised:March 12,2018
  • Adopted:
  • Online: May 11,2018
  • Published: