To determine whether hydroxyapatite modified titanium promotes superior adhesion and proliferation of rabbit corneal fibroblast in comparison with pure titanium. · METHODS: We used bioactive hydroxyapatite to modify titanium surfaces. Fourth passage fibroblasts of rabbit cornea were seeded on hydroxyapatite modified titanium surfaces, pure titanium and glass surfaces. Cell adhesion, proliferation and morphology were detected at 24, 48, and 72 hours using a acridine orange stain. Further studies of cell morphology were performed using scanning electron microscopy. · RESULTS: Cell counts were significantly greater on hydroxyapatite modified titanium surfaces at each time point (P＜0.05). At 24 hours, cell spreading was greater on hydroxyapatite-coated titanium and glass than on the pure titanium. At 72 hours, compared with pure titanium and glass surfaces, the cells on hydroxyapatite modified titanium surfaces had greater spreading area and longer stress fibers. · CONCLUSION: Hydroxyapatite modified titanium promotes superior adhesion and proliferation of rabbit corneal fibroblast in comparison with pure titanium.