Acute retinal necrosis syndrome (ARNS ) is a disease caused by viral infection characterised by acute necroti-zing retinitis,vitreous inflammation,retinal arteritis,and accompanied by post-retinal detachment and other diseases,which is rare,critically ill,developing quickly,difficult to treat,and resulting in serious damage to visual function. So early correct diagnosis and treatment is of great significance,and this article reviews the diagnosis and treatment of ARNS. 