目的:研究高度近视眼黄斑部各区域视网膜神经上皮层厚度的分布特点,并分析其与性别、年龄、眼压、等效球镜度数和眼轴长度之间的相关性。方法:除眼底视盘旁近视弧外无其他眼部异常和眼底病变的高度近视患者102例,随机选取每例患者1眼受检。所有受检眼均予眼压、屈光检查、眼轴长度测定、9个区域的黄斑视网膜神经上皮层平均厚度和黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度最小值测定。将黄斑部各区域视网膜神经上皮层平均厚度和黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度最小值与性别、年龄、眼压、等效球镜度数及眼轴长度进行相关性分析和偏相关分析。各区黄斑视网膜神经上皮层平均厚度和黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度最小值进行多配对样本的Friedman检验。结果:本组受检者黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度最小值为175.34±29.01μm。各区黄斑视网膜神经上皮层平均厚度分布存在显著差异:内环区视网膜神经上皮层厚度较外环区厚;鼻侧和上下方视网膜神经上皮层较厚,颞侧较薄;中央区和中心小凹最薄。随着眼轴的延长,中央区视网膜神经上皮层厚度增厚,外环区上方视网膜神经上皮层变薄。结论:眼轴长度增加所致的黄斑视网膜神经上皮层厚度改变可能是高度近视黄斑变性发生发展的病理基础。

AIM:To research characters of neurosensory retinal thickness in different macular sections of high myopia and analyze the correlation between neurosensory retinal thickness and gender, age, diopter as well as axial length.METHODS: One hundred and two patients with high myopia(102 eyes) were included.The neurosensory retinal thickness in different macular sections was measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT).The difference among neurosensory retinal thickness in every macular sections and the corelation between neurosensory retinal thickness and gender, age, diopter as well as axial length were analyzed.RESULTS:The minimum retinal thickness of fovea centralis was 175.34±29.01μm.OCT assessment revealed a significant difference of neurosensory retinal thickness in every macular sections.The inner regions were thicker than the outer regions, the nasal, superior and inferior side were thicker than the temporal side, the mean retinal thickness of central region and the minimum retinal thickness of fovea centralis was the thinnest. With the increase of the axial length, the mean retinal thickness of central region was increased while the superior side of the outer region was decreased.CONCLUSION:Perhapes the change of neurosensory retinal thickness in every macular sections caused by the increase of the axial length is the pathological basis before the macular degeneration of high myopia.

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