AIM:To investigate the effect of autologous limbal stem cell transplantation in treatment of pterygium. METHODS:Totally 128 Uygur patients with pterygium underwent the excision combined with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation.Cure criterion was corneal epithelial healing,restoration of transparency,non-pterygium tissue growth. RESULTS:One hundred and twenty-six patients were cured and 2 cases recurred,and the recurrence rate was 1.6%. CONCLUSION:Limbal stem cell transplantation for pterygium is a feasible method and can effectively prevent recurrence.